Zusammenfassung der Ressource
The three Ts- English intonation
- It is the melody of speech
- It helps to create the music of language
- It helps to understand
- Speaker's fellings and attitudes
- "THE THREE Ts"
- Linguistic intonation systems are known as
- TONE
- FALLS: the down words
pitch movement
- RISES: the up word pitch movement
- FALLS-RISES: The pitch of voice starts high then
moves down words and then up words
- DEFAULT:
the
unmarked
and
neutral
tone
- WHAT TONES ARE TO BE USED
- TONICITY
- Phonetically: we accent a syllable by giving it a
change in pitch
- Pragmatically: we accent a word by accenting its stressed syllable
- what is to be accented
- NUCLEUS
- WHERE DOES THE NUCLEUS GO?
- new information
- synonyms
- on or near the last word
- on a stressed syllables
- content words and function words
- Is the most important accent in the IP.
- TONALITY
- how to break material into chunks
- INTONATION BREAK
- ex: each clouse...( a separate IP)
- EX: at every sentence boundary
- IP
- Scripted material and material read aloud:
- IPs are longer
- IPs have more accents
- Spontaneous converstation:
- IPs are shorter
- IPs have fewer accents
- STRUCTURE OF THE IP
- If there are any accent before the nucleus, the
first such accent (onset) constitutes the
beginning of the head. The syllables before the
first accented syllable are called the pre-head.
- HEAD
- The Head is between the pre-head and the nucleus
- NUCLUES
- The nucleus is the main accented syllable
- PRE-HEAD
- The Pre-head is all the inicial unaccented syllables
- TAIL
- The Tail : all the syllables after the nucleus
- are intontaion pattern