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Chemical components of the cells

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MAPA DE BIOLOGÍA CELULAR
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Chemical components of the cells
  1. composition of elements
    1. CHONPS
      1. atom
        1. dense nucleus with positive charge
          1. clound of electrons
            1. in tissues exist realigment
            2. proton
              1. neutron
                1. stability
                2. in tissues
                  1. external electronic orbitals incomplete
              2. chemical bond
                1. ionic bond
                  1. give up electrons
                  2. covalent bond
                    1. share electrons
                      1. molecule
                        1. the cell depent of
                        2. polar
                          1. interaction between molecules by electronic forces
                        3. bond force
                          1. quantity of energy that is necessary for break a bond
                            1. simple
                              1. double
                          2. Bonds
                            1. Energy
                              1. Energy needes to break the bond
                                1. Kcal/mol
                                  1. KJ/mol
                                2. Covalent bond
                                  1. Don´t break for warming
                                    1. Break with specific reactions
                                    2. simple bond
                                      1. Allows simple rotation of the molecule
                                      2. Doble bond
                                        1. Shorter and stronger
                                          1. More rigid and less flexible atoms
                                        2. Polar structure
                                          1. Negative pole at one extreme
                                            1. Positive pole at one extreme
                                            2. In water solutions
                                              1. 10 to 100 times stronger
                                            3. Non covalent
                                              1. Weaker
                                              2. Formation and rupture
                                                1. by enzimes
                                              3. H2O
                                                1. Hydrogen bond
                                                  1. Weaker than covalents
                                                    1. Weak non covalent bond
                                                    2. Covalent bonds with oxygen
                                                      1. Web of molecules
                                                        1. Constant formation and rupture
                                                        2. Dissolved ions
                                                          1. Hidrophilics
                                                            1. Charges
                                                            2. Hidophobes
                                                              1. Without charges
                                                          2. Protons
                                                            1. Acidity
                                                              1. Weak
                                                                1. Strong
                                                              2. Base
                                                                1. Strong
                                                                  1. Weak
                                                                  2. Buffers
                                                                    1. Neutral
                                                                    2. Cells
                                                                      1. Carbono
                                                                        1. 4 covalent bonds
                                                                          1. Estables
                                                                          2. Molecules
                                                                            1. Organic
                                                                              1. Cytoplasm
                                                                                1. Fatty acids, aminoacids, nucleotides
                                                                                  1. Sugars
                                                                                    1. Monosaccharides Polisaccharides
                                                                                  2. Inorganic
                                                                              2. Fatty acid
                                                                                1. carboxyl group
                                                                                  1. hydrophilic
                                                                                    1. very reactive
                                                                                  2. long chain hydrocarbon
                                                                                    1. hydrophobic
                                                                                      1. unreactive
                                                                                    2. amphipathic
                                                                                      1. food reserve for cell
                                                                                        1. in the cytoplasm
                                                                                          1. triacylglycerol
                                                                                        2. form membranes
                                                                                        3. amino acids
                                                                                          1. carboxylic acid group
                                                                                            1. carboxylic acid group
                                                                                              1. protein formation
                                                                                                1. peptide bond
                                                                                                  1. 20 types of amino acids
                                                                                                    1. isomers
                                                                                                      1. D-type
                                                                                                        1. L-type
                                                                                                  2. nucleotides
                                                                                                    1. nucleotide bases
                                                                                                      1. pyrimidines
                                                                                                        1. cytosine thymine uraci
                                                                                                        2. purines
                                                                                                          1. guanine adenine
                                                                                                        3. energy carriers
                                                                                                          1. store genetic information
                                                                                                            1. Nucleic acid components
                                                                                                              1. RNA
                                                                                                                1. A,G,C,U
                                                                                                                  1. instructions conveyor
                                                                                                                2. DNA
                                                                                                                  1. A,G,C,T
                                                                                                                    1. repository of genetic information
                                                                                                            2. macromolecules
                                                                                                              1. formation of weak noncovalent bonds
                                                                                                                1. plication
                                                                                                                  1. specific functions
                                                                                                                    1. like proteins
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