The Battle of Hastings

People
1. Anglo-Saxon Army
  1. Fyrd
    1. Part time soldiers, called up when country in danger
  2. Housecarls
    1. Full time pro soldiers, were well trained, paid
  3. William of Normandy
2. Norman Army
  1. All highly trained and full time pro soldiers
    1. Horsemen/Cavalry
    2. Archers
    3. Footsoldiers/ Spearmen
  2. King Harold Godwin
Places
1. Battlefield
  1. English
    1. House carls
      1. Middle of shield wall
    2. Fyrds
      1. Edges of shield wall
    3. army
      1. Senlac hill
        good defensive position
  2. Normans
    1. Archers
      1. at front of army
    2. Spearmen and foot soldiers
      1. behind archers
    3. Horse men
      1. Back of army
  3. Marshes
    1. unsuitable for horsemen
  4. River
Events
1. Before battle
  1. English
    1. Didn't sleep
    2. Drank and sang all night
  2. Normans
    1. Prayed night before
    2. Church in morning
2. Heading to battle
  1. English
    1. Marched on foot
    2. battle axes
    3. joined shields for protection
  2. Normans
    1. Foot soldiers at front
    2. bows and arrows
    3. cavalry at back
3. Start of battle
  1. blowing of trumpets
    1. announced start for both sides
  2. Normans
    1. First to attack
  3. English
    1. Threw javelins and missiles
    2. attacked enemy with axes
    3. advantages
      1. high position
      2. massed tightly together
      3. weapons cut through shields easily
  4. Sat 14th Oct
4. During battle
  1. William
    1. encouraged soldiers by shouting
    2. fierce
    3. first to attack
    4. fought in middle of enemy
  2. Harold
    1. brave
    2. fought like soldier
    3. killed many enemy close up
    4. normans feared him
  3. even for several hours
  4. Normans
    1. Thought Duke was dead
      1. he showed he was still alive
    2. Cunning plans
      1. Fake retreats twice
        pretended to run away
        english ran at them then normans turned and fought
      2. Archers
        Aimed high to distract saxons
        William led another charge
        Shield wall collapses
        Harolds brothers killed
        William sends hit squad to kill Harold
        Harold killed by long range bow above right eye
5. Aftermath
  1. Harold and brothers dead
    1. Saxon army lose heart and run away
      1. Normans chased them until night fall
        William and Normans win

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The Battle of Hastings

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