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Theories Of Deviance
- Major Perspectives
- The Structural Perspective
- The Structural Functionalism
- Society is a moral phenomenon
- - Behave -
Wants -
Identities -
Learned in
childhood
- - Behave -
Wants -
Identities -
Learned in
childhood
- Societies with high
social integration-
High conformity
with little deviance
- Anomie- people
become distant
- Anomie- people
become distant
- -Deviance functional for society
- - Violations give social response
- Deviance reminds what is
acceptable or not
- - Violations give social response
- Deviance reminds what is
acceptable or not
- Society is a moral phenomenon
- Strain Theory
- -Culture dictates success -
Access limited to certain
classes
- - Choosing deviant
alternatives -
Deviance lies in
social structure
- -Culture dictates success -
Access limited to certain
classes
- Differential Opportunity
- Reformulation of Merton- Some
groups have less opportunity for
success - Not all disadvantaged
people have same opportunity for
deviance
- Deviant Opportunities
- - Criminal - Conflict - Retreatist
- - Neighborhood Rife with crime -
Racial people dominate illegal
businesses - Men in leadership
posts - Conflict over definitions of
deviance
- - Neighborhood Rife with crime -
Racial people dominate illegal
businesses - Men in leadership
posts - Conflict over definitions of
deviance
- - Criminal - Conflict - Retreatist
- Reformulation of Merton- Some
groups have less opportunity for
success - Not all disadvantaged
people have same opportunity for
deviance
- Feminist Theory
- Patriarchal Structure
- -Responsible for
discrimination of
women - pervades
culture
- - Includes Laws - Women
disadvantaged - Male
centered
- -Responsible for
discrimination of
women - pervades
culture
- Patriarchal Structure
- Conflict Theory
- - Structural view
- Society seen as
conflictual -
Incompatible
interests of
diverse groups
lead to conflict
- - Structural view
- Society seen as
conflictual -
Incompatible
interests of
diverse groups
lead to conflict
- The Structural Functionalism
- The Cultural Perspective
- Control Theory Of Delinquency
- -Focus on micro level -
Reverse the question - Ask
why and what
- - Social control resides in the extent to develop a
bond - Less likely to risk loss - Less deviance if
society is able to foster greater bonds and stake
- - Social control resides in the extent to develop a
bond - Less likely to risk loss - Less deviance if
society is able to foster greater bonds and stake
- -Focus on micro level -
Reverse the question - Ask
why and what
- Subculture Theory
- Deviance was collective
act carried out by groups
- Multiple groups exist
factions within and
across groups - Each
group has distinct norms
and values
- Deviance was collective
act carried out by groups
- Multiple groups exist
factions within and
across groups - Each
group has distinct norms
and values
- Culture Conflict Theory
- Overlap between American culture and subcultures
- Differences may lead to conflict
- - People migrate or cross to
another territory - One group
invades another - Border area
two groups have regular contact
- - People migrate or cross to
another territory - One group
invades another - Border area
two groups have regular contact
- Differences may lead to conflict
- Overlap between American culture and subcultures
- Reaction Theory
- - Builds on subcultural
conflict idea - Focus on
working class - Lower class
boys cannot succeed
middle class expectations
- - Status frustration - Negative behavior
- - Status frustration - Negative behavior
- - Builds on subcultural
conflict idea - Focus on
working class - Lower class
boys cannot succeed
middle class expectations
- Lower Class Culture Theory
- At odds with values
- - Getting in trouble
- Thoughness -
Autonomy - Street
smarts - Excitement
- Fatalistic
- - Getting in trouble
- Thoughness -
Autonomy - Street
smarts - Excitement
- Fatalistic
- At odds with values
- Differential Association Theory
- - Actual situational
dynamics between
macro structures and
micro individuals -
Socially Learned
- - Learning from closest intimates -
Circle of contacts adopt deviant
behavior
- - Learning from closest intimates -
Circle of contacts adopt deviant
behavior
- - Actual situational
dynamics between
macro structures and
micro individuals -
Socially Learned
- Drift Theory
- - Movement into deviant
subcultures through a drift -
Old circle left - Person drifts
between deviance and
conformity - No commitment
- - Movement into deviant
subcultures through a drift -
Old circle left - Person drifts
between deviance and
conformity - No commitment
- Labeling Theory
- - Drift between deviance and
conformity no longer option
once branded as deviant - How
people are defined - Interaction
between society and the
individual
- - Drift between deviance and
conformity no longer option
once branded as deviant - How
people are defined - Interaction
between society and the
individual
- Control Theory Of Delinquency
- The Structural Perspective
- Functionalism
- Crime is normal part of societie
- - Crime is constant
- Crime is collective
- - Crime is constant
- Crime is collective
- Crime is normal part of societie
- Social Structure & Cultural Structures
- -1st- Defines goals
- 2nd- Defines
controls and
regulates
- -1st- Defines goals
- 2nd- Defines
controls and
regulates
- Types of Individual adaption
- - Conformity
-Innovation -
Ritualism -
Retreatism -
Rebellion -
- - Conformity
-Innovation -
Ritualism -
Retreatism -
Rebellion -
- Control Theory
- Eements of bond
- - Attatchments
- Commitment
-Involvement -
Belief
- - Attatchments
- Commitment
-Involvement -
Belief
- Eements of bond
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