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Skeletal System

Beschreibung

Mindmap am Skeletal System, erstellt von nessal2282 am 15/11/2013.
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Skeletal System
  1. Bones
    1. Classification by location
      1. Appendicular
        1. Limbs
          1. Upper body
            1. Lower body
            2. Girdles
            3. Axial
              1. Ribs
                1. Skull
                  1. Vertebral Column
                2. Types
                  1. Long
                    1. Short
                      1. Flat
                        1. Irregular
                          1. Compact
                        2. Tissue types
                          1. Bone
                            1. Osteogenic cells
                              1. Bone stem cells
                              2. Osteoblasts
                                1. Matrix-synthesizing cells
                                2. Osteocytes
                                  1. Bone matrix maintenance cells
                                  2. Osteoclasts
                                    1. Bone destruction cells
                                  3. Cartilage
                                    1. Hyaline
                                      1. Elastic
                                        1. Fibrous
                                        2. Bone marrow
                                        3. Joints
                                          1. Types
                                            1. Functional
                                              1. Structural
                                                1. Synovial
                                                  1. General Structure
                                                    1. Articular cartilage
                                                      1. Joint synovial cavity
                                                        1. Articular joint capsules
                                                          1. Fibrous layer
                                                            1. Synovial membrane
                                                              1. *In fingers, toes, ankles, and wrists
                                                                1. *Inflammation (synovitis)
                                                                  1. *Lymphocytes
                                                                    1. *Migrate into joint cavity from blood and unleash inflammatory chemicals
                                                                      1. *Destroy blood tissues
                                                                        2. *Treatment
                                                                          1. *Medication
                                                                            1. *Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
                                                                              1. *Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs
                                                                              2. *Surgery
                                                                                1. *Lifestyle changes
                                                                                  1. *Rest
                                                                                    1. *Exercise
                                                                              3. *Macrophages
                                                                                1. da
                                                                              4. *Symptoms
                                                                                1. *Tender, warm, swollen joints
                                                                                  1. *Symmetrical pattern of affected joints
                                                                                    1. *Pain and stiffness
                                                                                      1. *Fatigue
                                                                                2. Synovial fluid
                                                                                  1. *Fluid accumulates, causing joint swelling
                                                                                    1. *Synovial membrane thickens into a pannus
                                                                                      1. *Erodes the cartilage
                                                                                        1. *Scar tissue forms and ossifies
                                                                                          1. *Ankylosis
                                                                                  2. Reinforcing ligaments
                                                                                    1. Capsular ligaments
                                                                                      1. Extracapsular ligaments
                                                                                        1. Intracapsular ligaments
                                                                                        2. Nerves and blood vessels
                                                                                        3. Multiaxial
                                                                                          1. Ball and socket joint
                                                                                          2. Biaxial
                                                                                            1. Saddle joint
                                                                                              1. Condylar joint
                                                                                              2. Uniaxial
                                                                                                1. Hinge joint
                                                                                                  1. Pivot joint
                                                                                                  2. Nonaxial
                                                                                                    1. Plane joint
                                                                                                  3. Cartilaginous
                                                                                                    1. Synchondroses
                                                                                                      1. Symphyses
                                                                                                      2. Fibrous
                                                                                                        1. Sutures
                                                                                                          1. Syndesmoses
                                                                                                            1. Gomphoses
                                                                                                        2. Types of movement
                                                                                                          1. Flexion
                                                                                                            1. Extension
                                                                                                              1. Abduction
                                                                                                                1. Adduction
                                                                                                                  1. Circumduction
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