3890286
Beschreibung
Mindmap von Dominique Fernan, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
|
Erstellt von Dominique Fernan
vor etwa 9 Jahre
|
|
The Behaviourist Approach
- Assumptions
- Only interested
in studying
behaviour that
can be observed
and measured
- John
Watson
rejected
introspection
- Used lab
experiments
to maintain
control
- Behaviourists
identify 2 important
forms of learning:
classical and operant
conditioning
- Only interested
in studying
behaviour that
can be observed
and measured
- Classical Conditioning
- Classical
conditioning is
learning
through
assossiation
- Classical
conditioning is
learning
through
assossiation
- Operant Conditioning
- Skinner
suggested
that learning
is active
process
- There are 3 types of
consequences of behavior
- Positive Reinforcement:
receiving a reward when a
certain behavior is
performed
- Negative Reinforcement;
occur when an individual
avoids something
unpleasant
- Punishment:
an unpleasant
consequence
for a certain
behavior
- Positive Reinforcement:
receiving a reward when a
certain behavior is
performed
- Skinner
suggested
that learning
is active
process
- Evaluation
- Scientific credibility:
focuses on measuring
observable behavior
within controlled lab
settings
- Real-life applications:
basis of token economy
system. Classical
conditions can treat
phobias
- Mechanistic View on behavior:
animals are seen as passive
and machine-like responders
to the enviroment
- Environmental determinism:
ignores any possible influence
of free will
- Ethical and Practical issues:
used animals therefore can't
relate to humans. Unethical
for skinners rts
- Scientific credibility:
focuses on measuring
observable behavior
within controlled lab
settings
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