Zusammenfassung der Ressource
International Insurance
- Complexity
- Number of coverage
Anmerkungen:
- 6 standard incurance policies
CLausules
- Misunderstood risks
- Incoterms rules
- Vocabulary
Anlagen:
- Perils Faced by
Int. Shpmnts.
- Pre-carriage
Anmerkungen:
- Portion of the trip in the exporting country
- Theft
Anmerkungen:
- Pilferage
Anmerkungen:
- When individuals opportunistically steal cargo (not planned / random).
- Organized theft
Anmerkungen:
- Carefully planned operations by a group of organized criminals at the entire shipment.
- System´s theft
Anmerkungen:
- Perpetrated by someone with access to the shipper´s or carrier´s computers, so the remove evidence of the existance of the cargo.
- Main carriage
Anmerkungen:
- The international portion of the voyage.
- Mayor
- Cargo Movements
- Water damage
- Rain
- Waves
- Container sweat
Anmerkungen:
- The humidity that condenses on the inside walls of a container and on its cargo
- Overboard losses
- Deck stow collapse
Anmerkungen:
- Stack of containers placed on the deck that collapses in heavy seas.
- Flotsam
Anmerkungen:
- Cargo that accidentally falls overboard
- Jetsam
Anmerkungen:
- Cargo that was deliberately jettisoned
- Jettison
Anmerkungen:
- The act of throwing cargo overboard to save the ship and the remainder of the cargo.
ALl parties on board pay for this loss
- Fire
- Sinking
Anmerkungen:
- A ship is damaged, no longer floats, and goes to the bottom of the sea.
- Stranding
Anmerkungen:
- Ship runs into high ground and can no longer move.
No direct damage but time and more cargo movements can do that job,
- General average
- Piracy
Anmerkungen:
- A violent overtaking of a ship and its crew.
Indonesian archipelago
Somalia
Nigeria
Togo
Red sea
Gulf of Aden
- Other
- Collision
Anmerkungen:
- Crush
-Ships
-Containers
-Bridge
- Cargo contamnated or
affected by other cargo
- Hidrance to a shipper
- Sowaways
Anmerkungen:
- A person who hides onboard and travels to the ship destination.
- Arrest a ship
- Bankruptcy of companies
- Civil movements
- Air shipments
- Cargo movement
Anmerkungen:
- Quick accelerations and decelerations, no fly around turbulences.
- Theft and pilferage
- Weather
- Takeoff
- On carriage
Anmerkungen:
- The portion of the importing country.
- Insurable Interest
Anmerkungen:
- A party who would experience a financial loss in case of a peril.
- Risk management
- Risk Retention
Anmerkungen:
- The company decides to retain a risk and not insure against it
- Large international traders
Anmerkungen:
- Exporters or importers that have
little exposure
Anmerkungen:
- Small value, small shipments and a loss would not be substancial financial.
- Exporters or importers that have
little relative exposure
Anmerkungen:
- The international transactions represent a very small percentage of their business.
- No a clearly evaluation of risks
Anmerkungen:
- Risk transfer
Anmerkungen:
- Transfer risk to an insurance company
- Firms with a lot of exposure
- Firms witha a relatively high exposure
- Firms with little experience
- Mixed Approach
Anmerkungen:
- The firm decides to retain some risk and transfer the rest.
- Maximum amount of exposure
willin to risk, implemented with
a deductible.
Anmerkungen:
- Deductible: the amount that the firm is responsable
- Maximum amount of
exposure willin to risk and
implement a franchise
- The firm choses the risks they
want to take depending of the
type of insurance
- Insurance Policies
- Purchasing Marine Cargo Insurance
- Open Policy
Anmerkungen:
- Insurance contract with which a form insures every international shipment for a period of time.
- Special cargo Policy
Anmerkungen:
- Insurance policy that covers one shipment.
- Insurance certificates
- Intermediates
- Insurance agent
Anmerkungen:
- Asist to obtain the most appropriate coverage
- Freight forwarder
Anmerkungen:
- Provide generic coverage for a given shipment
- Coverages
- NON-COVER RISKS
- Improper packing
- Inherent vice
Anmerkungen:
- -Rust for iron
-Bugs for agricultural or moisture
-Wood split
- Ordinary leakage
Anmerkungen:
- Unseaworthy vessel
- Nuclear war
- Institute Marine Cargo Clauses Coverage A
Anmerkungen:
- All risk of loss or damage to the subject matter insured.
Not includes directly:
-Strikes and Civil disturbances.
-Acts of war.
-Seizure by a goverment
- All risk coverage
Anmerkungen:
- Shipments must be under deck
-Between two developing countries.
- IMCC Coverage B
Anmerkungen:
- -Good tolerance for bad weather
-Not for machines, paper, finished goods, etc.
- IMCC Coverage C
Anmerkungen:
- -Minimum coverage required for CIF and CIP.
- With-Average Coverage
- Free-of-Particular-Average Coverage
- Clauses
- Strikes coverage
Anmerkungen:
- Strikes Riots and Civil Commotions (SR & CC). Covers only the direct physical damage to the shipment.
Using an amendment
- War and Seizure Coverage
Anmerkungen:
- Free of Capture and Seizure Coverage FC & S
Additional policy called "The War Risks Only"
- Warehouse to warehouse coverage
Anmerkungen:
- Warehouse-Warehouse (or 15 days after arriving to the destination port, which happens first) Is an extension
- Difference in conditions
Anmerkungen:
- Caluse that allows an importer to complement the coverage offered by the exporter to the coverage level that the importer wants.
- General average clause
- Constructive Total Loss Coverage Clause
- Sue and labor
- Inchmaree Clause
- Other forms
- Hull insurance
Anmerkungen:
- Contract taken by ship owners to cover the risk of damage of the ship.
- Protection and indemnity
- Airfreight Policy
- Insurance Claim
- Notification
Anmerkungen:
- -Writing
-Description of damage
-Record of seal number and condition.
- Surveyor
Anmerkungen:
- Independent company that investigates damage to shipments on behalf of insurance companies.
- Protection of
damaged cargo
Anmerkungen:
- Stop unloading the goods and take several photos.
Mark the damaged cargo.
- Filling the claim
- Timing
Anmerkungen:
- 3 days for Ocean Cargo
7 days for air
- Documentation
- Insurance policy
- All bills of landing from origin to final destination
- All invoices
- Cargo surveyor´s report
- Complete packing list and manifests
- Seal numbers report
- All documents genereated during the voyage of the cargo
- Certificate of Product destroyed or thrown away
- Salvage bids and receipts
- Carrier liability limits
- Lloyd´s
Anmerkungen:
- Oldest insurance market. Edward Lloyd´s coffee house 1688, intermediary between people that want and provide insurance.
- Commercial Credit Insurance
Anmerkungen:
- -Foreign customer on an open account basis.
-Credit terms.
- Risk involved
- Political risk
- Commercial risk
- Insurance policies avaiable
- Goverment programs
- Ex-Im Bank
- Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC)
- The small business administration (SBA)
- Private insurance company
- The Foreign Credit Insurance Association
- Euler American Credit Indemnity
- Lloyd´s