Organisational Theory

Classical Approach
1. Traditional Approach
  1. Command and control
  2. authorative
  3. bureaucratic
  4. Transactional
  5. Eliminate human error
    1. Division of Labour
      1. Standardisation
        Rules/procedures
        Remove worker discretion
2. Criticism
  1. Boring meaningless jobs
    1. Division of labour
  2. Sees people as
    1. Greedy robots
    2. Only motivated by money
Human Relations Approach
1. Focuses on Psychological
  1. Emotional needs
2. Organisations
  1. Co-operative Social Systems
3. Job Design
  1. Satisfy human needs
  2. Satsify org objectives
  3. Job enlargement
    1. Increase variety
    2. Learn new skills
  4. Job enrichment
    1. Increase worker control
4. Stresses
  1. Intrinsic motivation
  2. Participative Leadership
  3. Communication
  4. Collaboration
5. Criticisms
  1. Ignores the outside world
  2. One best way
  3. Manipulative
Contingency Theory
1. No one best way for all
  1. Best way for each
2. Best management style depends
  1. Situational
    1. Environment
      1. Stable
      2. Unpredictable
    2. Work tasks
      1. Routine
      2. Non routine
    3. Key Contingencies
      1. Environmental uncertainty
      2. Size
      3. Technology
  2. Mechanistic or Organic
    1. Mechanistic
      1. Bureaucratic
      2. High specialisation
      3. Clear chain of command
        Narrow spans of control
      4. More like classical approach
      5. Slow Change
    2. Organic
      1. Cross functional teams
      2. Wide spans
      3. Rapid change
      4. Flexible/adaptive
Business
1. Ever Changing
  1. Environment
    1. Business
    2. Technological
    3. Political
    4. Economic
  2. Result on management style?

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Organisational Theory

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