Tectonic Plates

Earth's Surface
1. Inner Core
  1. Centre. Hottest part of Earth. Solid + made up of iron + nickel with temps up to 5,500°C.
2. Outer Core
  1. Layer surrounding inner core. Liquid layer, also made of iron + nickel. Extremely hot, with temps similar to inner core.
3. Mantle
  1. Widest section of Earth. Thickness approximately 2,900 km. Made up of semi-molten rock - magma. Upper parts of mantle, rock is hard - lower down, rock is soft + beginning to melt.
4. Crust
  1. Outer layer of earth. Thin layer, between 0-60 km thick. Solid rock layer where we live.
5. Tectonic Plates
  1. Crust - divided into lots of slabs - float on the mantle.
  2. Continental Crust
    1. Carries land. Thicker + less dense than oceanic crust.
  3. Oceanic Crust
    1. Carries water. Thinner + more dense than continental crust.
    2. Ocean Trenches
      1. Very deep sections of ocean floor where oceanic plate goes down.
6. Plate Margins
  1. Places where plates meet.
Plate Margins
1. Destructive Margins
  1. Where 2 plates are moving towards each other, e.g. along coast of Japan.
  2. 1. Oceanic meets continental plate.
    1. 2. Denser oceanic plate forced down into mantle + destroyed.
      1. 3. Often creates volcanoes + ocean trenches.
2. Constructive Margins
  1. Where 2 plates are moving away from each other e.g. at mid-Atlantic ridge.
  2. Magma rises from mantle to fill gap + cools, creating new crust.
3. Conservative Margins
  1. Where 2 plates are moving sideways past each other or moving in same direction at different speeds e.g. along west coast of USA.
  2. Crust isn't created or destroyed.

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Tectonic Plates

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