Local Culture, Popular Culture, and Cultural Landscapes (pt.2)

How is Popular Culture diffused?
1. Cultural Diffusion has been increasing throughout the world due to increasing interconnectedness
  1. Programs like Facebook allow people on separate sides of the country to connect within seconds
    1. Countries like China who don't want the outer world influencing their countries people create copies of Facebook and add restrictions
  2. Transportation and communication technologies have all but destroyed time-distance decay
    1. now it is more the time-space decay which centers around interlinked the two places are the more an innovation will diffuse
2. All aspects of popular culture have a hearth, and that hearth is first established by contagious diffusion and spreading knowledge of their innovation/idea
  1. EX--The Dave Matthews Band started out with one guy asking his friends to help him make some songs, then they played at their college, then at other colleges, encouraging people to spread the news
3. Popular culture can be manufactured by big corporations pushing innovations and ideas at people, and creating an environment where people believe this is a "thing"
  1. Triangle=== the top is the innovators, then the trend-setters, then early adopters, then everyone who follows or doesn't participate
4. Reterritorialization is when you take an aspect of popular culture and combining it with local culture you make it your own
  1. Hip hop began in New York, Los Angeles during the 1980-1990's
    1. Diffused abroad to Europe, each country incorporating their own language and local culture struggles. Then diffused to Asia, then doing the same as the Europeans. Soon everyone in the world knew Hip Hop
5. The big three sports- Baseball, Football, and Basketball, have all benefitted from advances in technology and communication, but have also been hurt extremely, by the need for "something fresh"
  1. Increase in communication have made the games easier to follow, and transportation has made the scale much bigger
  2. alternate sports like surfing caught peoples eye as something new, then diffused to skateboarding and snowboarding and the creation of the X games
    1. Tony Hawk has created a new world of alternate sports. He now has clothing lines, skateboards, many advertisement agreements, music festivals- all encouraging new sports, alternatives to the big three
  3. TV shows like Cribs creates an image of masculinity that men strive for, and the show profits through the men using products to obtain this look
  4. Also Ultimate Fighting, which began in Brazil and moved to fights in the US, is a mixture between boxing and martial arts
    1. The fan base grew quickly and it turned into a TV show, which diffused to over 130 countries, that now are creating their own versions of the show
  5. The desire to stand outside of popular culture with keep spurring these changes in culture, and people will capitalize on this to make their product "socially desirable"
    1. we find that wealthier countries seek to promote local culture, and poorer countries are the ones that seek to keep their culture in, and poorer countries that are the most worried about assimilation
6. Popular media can often feel like assimilation because of the pressure to adopt these ways---the most influential regions are North America, Western Europe, Japan, India, and South Korea.
  1. Americans mostly diffuse movies, tv, sports, and fast food, Europe is art, fashion philosophy, Japan is electronic games and entertainment tech., India is movies, and South Korea is TV dramas, and music.
  2. In China, South Korean TV dramas were aired late at night and soon had a large audience in China, who cut their time down to 15%, which just spurred an even larger movement of South Korean culture into China.
    1. South Korea was hesitant at first to expand their culture, but it couldn't be stopped as Korean culture flooded social media
How can Local culture and popular culture be seen in the cultural landscape?
1. Cultural landscapes reflect the values, norms, and aesthetics of a culture
  1. Edward Relph termed the loss of uniqueness in a place PLACELESSNESS
  2. cultural landscapes are conveyed in 3 ways 1)particular architectural forms and planning ideas have diffused around the world 2)individual businesses leave their mark of uniqueness 3) borrowing of idealized landscape has created the blended image of culture
    1. Skyscrapers were first seen on Chicago, then diffused to every major city in the world and can represent anything from world status to economy
    2. you can find the same stores basically in any country you visit because the companies have worldwide holdings
    3. in Las Vegas they have a venetian hotel with canals and everything, even though its not on the ocean. And when the hotel expanded to China, where gambling is illegal, it spread anyways
2. the global-local continuum concept is about how processes at different scales, and what they are changing and how the affect each other
  1. Glocalization is when people at a local scale affect national scale, then global scale
3. Travel is so interesting because you can find local culture anywhere and from the cultural landscape, you can learn about the inside workings of it
  1. Traveling to the great plains you can find towns of Mormons who moved there from the homestead act to escape persecution
    1. Houses on equal squares of land and clumped together shows us the Mormon side, because if the houses are together they can protect each other
  2. The indigenous people of Malaysia like in group homes of about 200, and they provide for each other and share their food. Also they live on houses on stilts because of the flooding river

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Local Culture, Popular Culture, and Cultural Landscapes (pt.2)

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