The Restless Earth

Volcanoes
1. Types
  1. Shield
    1. Shield volcanoes are short and wide at the bottom, and have gentle eruptions.
  2. Composite
    1. Composite volcanoes are tall and narrow at the bottom, and have violent eruptions.
2. Formation
  1. How
    1. They are formed by convection currents in the mantle pulling or pushing the plates away or towards each other.
  2. Where
    1. Constructive and Destructive margins
3. What
  1. An opening in the earths crust through which molten lava, ash and gases are ejected.
Tectonics
1. Types
  1. Continental
    1. Continental is thicker, less dense and older.
  2. Oceanic
    1. Oceanic is thinner, denser and newer.
Earthquakes
1. What
  1. A sudden and often violent shift in the rocks forming the earths crust, which is felt at the surface.
2. Formation
  1. Where
    1. Earthquakes can happen along any type of plate boundary.
  2. How
    1. Earthquakes occur when tension is released from inside the crust. Plates do not always move smoothly alongside each other and sometimes get stuck. When this happens pressure builds up.
Tsunamis
1. What
  1. A tsunami is a large ocean wave usually caused by an underwater earthquake or a volcanic explosion. Tsunamis are NOT tidal waves. Tidal waves are caused by the forces of the moon, sun, and planets upon the tides, as well as the wind as it moves over the water.
2. Formation
  1. Where
    1. Tsunamis occur most often in the ocean from undersea earthquakes or landslides.
  2. How
    1. Tsunami waves are formed as the displaced water, attempts to find a stable position again. Undersea earthquakes, can cause tsunami waves to form as water attempts to find a stable position.

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The Restless Earth

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