Zusammenfassung der Ressource
The Biological Bases of Behaviour: The Nervous System
- Communication in the Nervous System
- Nervous tissue: the Basic Hardware
- Parts of the neuron: Cell body, dendrites, axon, myeln sheath, terminal buttons, synapse
- Gila- cells that provide support to the neurons
- Most of the work is done by the neurons
- The Neural impulse: using energy to send information
- The Neuron at rest: resting potential of a neuron is stable, negatively charged when cell is NOT active
- Action Potential- travels along the neuron
- The neural impulse is an all or none proposition
- The Synapse: Where Neurons Meet
- Sending signals: chemicals as Couriers
- Neurons do not touch-seperated by the cleft
- Receiving Signals: Postsynaptic potentials
- Integrating signals: Neural networks- one message can be passed on to thousands of other neurons
- Neurotransmitters and behaviour
- Acetylcholine- activates motor neurons controlling skeletal muscles
- Dopamine- contributes to control of voluntary movement, pleasurable emotions
- Norepinephrine- modulation of mood and arousal
- serotonin- regulation of sleep and wakefulness, eating, agression
- GABA- distributed inhibitory transmitter
- Glutamate- implicated in learning and memory
- Endorphins- helps pain relief and pleasurable emotions
- Organization of the Nervous system
- The peripheral nervous system
- The somatic nervous system: connect voluntary skeletal muscles and to sensory receptors
- The Autonomic Nervous system: nerves that connect to the heart, blood vessels, smooth muscles, and glands
- Sympathetic division- branch of autonomic nervous system that mobilizes the body's resources for emergencies
- Parasympathetic division- the branch of the autonomic nervous system that generally conserves bodily resources
- The Central Nervous System
- Cerebrospinal fluid- nourishes the brain ad provides a cushion for it
- Spinal cord: connects the brain to the rest of the body
- Brain: fills the upper portion of the skull . makes a person talk, think, plan, remember, create and dream