Structure of the Human Brain

Cerebrum
1. Largest part of the brain
2. Divided into 2 hemispheres
  1. Connected via the Coprus Callosum
3. Outermost layer is folded and consists of a thin later of nerve cell bodies, cerebral cortex.
  1. Subdivided into areas responsible for specific activities and body regions
  2. Sensory areas receive impulses indirectly from the receptors.
  3. Association Areas
  4. Motor areas send impulses to effectors.
4. In control of conscious thought and emotional response
5. Ability to override some reflexes
6. Features associated with intelligence, such as reasoning and judgement
Cerebellum
1. Controls the fine control of muscular movements, balance and sensory activities.
2. Neurones carry impulses to the motor areas so that motor output to the effectors can be adjusted appropriately in relation to these requirements
3. Contains over half of all of the nerve cells in the brain.
4. Processes sensory information from the retina, balance organs in the inner ear, spindle fibres in muscles and the joints.
Medulla Oblongata
1. Controls non-skeletal muscles.
2. Regulatory centres for a number of vital process are found here
  1. The cardiac centre, which regulates the heart. and the respiratory centre.
Hypothalamus
1. Receives sensory input from the temperature receptors and osmoreceptors
2. Controls much of the endocrine function and regulates the pituitary gland.

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