Zusammenfassung der Ressource
(3) Macmillan approach to
domestic policy continued
and never had it so good?
- Comsumer Life
- No mass unemployment
of the inter-war years
- Living standers had risen steadily
- 1959 and 1964 the real wage of
manual workers increase by 19%
- Self owership of house was 44%
- Vacuum cleaners were no longer
the preserve of the middle class -
75% of all homes had one
- Washing Machines were replacing
mangles and fridges were bringing about a
revolution in the storage and use of food
- The Consumer revolution had arrivied
- Society
- Home Office
- Butler was left to his own
devices at the home office, his
instincts were more liberal
- He pushed through a
series of important Acts.
- Inherited a Homicide Bill, limiting the dealth
Penlty certain categories such as the murder
of policeman and prison warders
- It was suspected that Butler was sympathetic to
abortion, but the time was not ripe and it would certainly
not have been popular with the party faithful
- Wolfenden Report - Sexual Practises, covering both prostiution
and homosexuality. It recomonded tighter legilation regarding
street soliciting and decriminalization of homosexuality. It
became clear that a liberal move on homosexuality woul dbe
unpopular with Tory back-benchers - the time was not ripe
- The Street Offices Act seemed to have had
the desired effect to reducing street soliciting
by imposing tougher penalties on prostitutes
- hard to impose penalties on clients
- The Act therfore attracted the hostilitly of feminist groups
- He also pushed through a Charities Act,
modernising the administration of charity law
- The Commonwealth Immigration Act, attempting to
control the numbers of Commonwealth citizens arriving in
the UK. It was denounced at the time by Gaitskell as
racist.
- But Labour did not repeal the Act when they
took power in 1964, but actually tightened the
restrictions in there own Act of 1965
- Defence
- There was a determined attempt to cut the burden of
defence spending, which was far higher than any
comparable European country - 10% of GDP
- Ducan Sandys as Minister of Defence -
clear breif to run down the armed forces
- He creatred a Defence paper out
lining his reasons for his policy
- "In addition the retention of such large forces
abroad gives rise to heavy charges which places
a serve strain upon the balance of payment"
- There was a increasted relyanse on
Nuclear weapons as a deterrent and
as a prop to great power status
- Britan's international
position
- EEC
- It was hoped that access to the dynamic
market of western Europe with over 150 million
consumers would revitalise Britian industry
- Health headed up negotiation, Britain hoped to safe guard her special
relationship with the commonwelath and the very diffrent nature of
Britsh agriculture compared to that in europe, which posed a problem
- European Community had been built around the need of
french agriculture and german industry and such a design
did not naturally fit British needs
- Britain - cheep food to benefit
the city in the 19th centry
- Europe - expensive food
to benefit french producers
- The insuperable obstacle
proved to be Charles de Gaulle
- He feared Britain
was too tightly
bound to the USA
- The liberation of france by
USA and Britain induced
resentment not gratitude
- On the 14 January
1963, De Gaulle vetoed
Britain entry
- Britian economic
performance
- Britian was slipping behind her
competitors and was well on the way
to becoming the "sick man of europe"
- Britianshare of the world trade fell
from 25% in 1950 to 15% 1964
- France, which britain had clearly passed in the
level of economic development in the early 19th
century, now begain to pull ahead of Britain
- Germany and Japan, the deafeated
in 1945, now surged ahead
- What had produced this
relative decline fueled a
lengthy nation debate
- To the Right it was a consequence of the burden
of the wealfare state and over powerful trade
unions, resistant to changes in working practices
- To the Left of the political spectrum it arose
from complacent managment, the class
structure and bloated defence commitments