Transcription ,Splicing and Translation

Transcription is the process of making pre mRNA using part of the DNA as a template
1. 1.DNA helicase acts on the specific regions and break down the hydrogen bonds between the bases and causing the strands to separate.
2. 2.RNA polymerase moves to the template strand causing the nucleotides on the strand to join with the complementary nucleotides.
  1. Guanine pairs up with Cytosine
  2. Thymine pairs to adenine
  3. Adenine pairs up with Uracil
3. RNA polymerase adds the nucleotides to build a strand of pre mRNA
  1. RNA polymerase reaches the end and attaches stop codon. The production of pre mRNA is then complete.
    1. Splicing
      1. the pre-mRNA is modified to mRNA by removing the base sequences copied from introns.
        Cytoplasm
        Ribosomes
        Translation
        A ribosome becomes attached to the starting codon on the end of mRNA molecule.
        tRNA molecule with the complementary anticodon sequence moves to the ribosome and pairs up with the sequence on the mRNA. This tRNA carries an amino acid
        By the means of an enzyme and ATP, amino acids on the tRNA joined by peptide bonds.
        As this happens, the first tRNA is released from its amino acid and is free to collect another amino acid
        As this process happens, 15 amino acids being linked each second, until the polypeptide chain is built
        *Assembled into protein (primary structure, secondary and tertiary)
      2. exons code for protein and introns do not
      3. Mutation can affect the splicing of pre- mRNA.
        Alzheimer's disease

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Transcription ,Splicing and Translation

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