Renaissance

Anmerkungen:

• Renaissance is a beautiful period in the world history, lots of art, artist, create of humanism make Renaissance amazing.

1. Art

   Anmerkungen:

   • In the Renaissance, art is the most important things in this period, lots of artist was born on this period, the humanism and lots of learn & change from classical art made Renaissance more beauty.
   1. Leonardo da Vinci

      Anmerkungen:

      • Leonardo da Vinci is the most famous artist for the Renaissance art. He born in 15 April 1452 Vinci, Republic of Florence, died in 2 May 1519 (aged 67) Amboise, Kingdom of France. Except artist, he also is a sculptor, architect, musician, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist and writer. We can called De Vinci is a "Renaissance Man".
   2. Architecture

      Anmerkungen:

      • Renaissance architecture is a famous type of architecture that in the 15th century to 17th century. It shows a rebirth of the classical art in ancient Greek and Rome.
      1. Brunelleschi

         Anmerkungen:

         • Brunelleschi is a famous architects and engineers. Lots of his design is in Florence, Italy. His design of San Lorenzo Church (1419-1480s) and the Holy Spirit Cathedral (1441-1481) has become a model of Renaissance architecture.
      2. Donatello

         Anmerkungen:

         • A famous sculptor in 15th century Florence, Italy. Famous design has David, Feast of Herod, and Magdalene.
      3. Michelangelo

         Anmerkungen:

         • Michelangelo is an outstanding Renaissance sculptor, architect, painter and poet, Have a famous work "David".
   3. Machiavelli

      Anmerkungen:

      • Machiavelli is the Italian philosopher, historian, politician and diplomat. His most famous book "The Prince" put forward the theory of political realism, another book "Discourses on Livy" is referred to the republican theory.
   4. Perspective

      Anmerkungen:

      • A very important skill that been create from Renaissance. This skill helps artist can make their drawing become 3D.
   5. Raphael

      Anmerkungen:

      • Raphael, Italian painter and architect. Born in Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino, March 28, 1483 or April 6, 1483, Urbino, Marche, Italy, died in April 6, 1520 (aged 37) Rome, Italy.
   6. Shakespeare

      Anmerkungen:

      • William Shakespeare is the history of English literature the most outstanding dramatist, one of the most remarkable writers of Western literature and art history is also one of the most outstanding writers of the world. He handed down the works include 38 plays, 155 sonnets, two long narrative poems and other poems. His plays have translations in all major languages, and the number of performances far more than any other playwright's works.
2. Rebirth of Classical Ideas

   Anmerkungen:

   • Renaissance means, "Rebirth of Classical Ideas". In Renaissance period, people learn & change the classical ideas from ancient Greece and Rome become their own ideas, "Renaissance Art."
   1. Ancient Greece and Rome

      Anmerkungen:

      • Renaissance are start in ancient Greece and Rome, Renaissance art is learn from the classical art, ancient Greece and Rome effect Renaissance a lots. 
3. Florence, Italy

   Anmerkungen:

   • Florence, Italy, this city under long-term control of the Medici family, lots of famous artist was born in this city. Is the place of Renaissance born.
   1. Medici Family

      Anmerkungen:

      • Control the Florence, Italy a long time, a very powerful family during 13th century to 17th century.
      1. Patrons

         Anmerkungen:

         • When lots of people become so rich, like Medici family, they start care of art, that made lots of famous artist can have more patrons.
4. Science

   Anmerkungen:

   • During Renaissance period, Europe have very good development of science.
   1. Copernicus

      Anmerkungen:

      • He is a Polish mathematician, astronomer, he advocated the heliocentric model, referring to the sun as the center of the universe.
   2. Galileo

      Anmerkungen:

      • Galileo was an Italian astronomer, physicist, engineer, philosopher, and mathematician who is the most important in the scientific revolution during the Renaissance. 
   3. Medicine

      Anmerkungen:

      • During Renaissance period, the medicine have a good growth, famous doctor Vesalius helps people have more knowledge in the anatomy.
      1. Vesalius

         Anmerkungen:

         • Andreas Vesalius was a Renaissance anatomists, doctors, he prepared "De humani corporis fabrica" is one of the definitive works on human anatomy. Vesalius is considered the founder of modern human anatomy.
5. Change

   Anmerkungen:

   • In the Renaissance period, the changes of art, architecture, science, humanism, also change this period more beauty and more interesting.
6. Humanism

   Anmerkungen:

   • Humanism is a rational and humane worldview philosophy theory. This worldview made lots of art have more creative thinking, it actually helps many from art.
   1. Independent Thinking

      Anmerkungen:

      • A thinking made people during Renaissance period have more creative thinking also didn't "JUST" follow the ancient people's thought.
   2. Non Religious Themes

      Anmerkungen:

      • "Netherlandish painters conceived non-religious themes." It shows some information, before humanism, almost artist's drawing is about the religious, because of humanism, the non religious themes have been create.
   3. Petrarch

      Anmerkungen:

      • Petrarch, Italian scholar, poet, and early humanist, was also regarded as the father of Humanism.
7. Politics

   Anmerkungen:

   • The political authority of the Catholic Church had diminished due to internal conflicts. Religious leaders responded to this development with the persecution of heretics during the 14th and 15th centuries. They also tried to spread fundamentalist Christian beliefs to other areas, for instance by organising Crusades
   1. Power of the Church and Kings Challenged

      Anmerkungen:

      • During Renaissance period, when the printing have good growth, famous printed Bible, people start to believe god, church start to have more power. King's power can not be the most.
8. Printing

   Anmerkungen:

   • When Gutenberg introduced printing to Europe. His introduce mechanical movable type printing to Europe, started the Printing Revolution.
   1. Famous Printed Bible

      Anmerkungen:

      • When the printing have good growth, the most book by printing is Bible, before that, people didn't really understand what church is, what Bible is. But after, people start to believe church, and then the church have more power.
   2. Gutenberg

      Anmerkungen:

      • Gutenberg was a German blacksmith, goldsmith, printer, and publisher who introduced printing to Europe. His introduce mechanical movable type printing to Europe, started the Printing Revolution.