Living Things

Living Things

Animals
1. multicellular - cell have nuclei, no cell wall or chloroplasts - feed on organic matter made by other organisms
2. Vertebrates
  1. Mammals
    1. have hair
    2. have placenta
    3. young feed on milk
    4. endothermic
    5. have diaphragm
    6. heart with four chambers
    7. different types of teeth
  2. Fish
    1. have scaly skin
    2. have gills
    3. have fins
  3. Birds
    1. have feathers
    2. forelimbs are wings
    3. lay eggs with hard shells
    4. endothermic
    5. have a beak
    6. heart with four chambers
  4. Reptiles
    1. have scaly skin
    2. lay eggs with rubbery shells
  5. Amphibians
    1. have moist, scale-less skin
    2. eggs laid in water
    3. larva live in water
    4. adults often live in water
    5. larva have gills, adults have lungs
3. Arthropods
  1. no backbone - several pairs of jointed legs - waterproof exoskeleton
  2. Insects
    1. three pairs of jointed legs
    2. two pairs of wings
    3. breathe through trachea
    4. head, thorax, abdomen
    5. mainly live on land
  3. Crustaceans
    1. more than eight jointed legs
    2. breathe through gills
  4. Arachnids
    1. live on land
    2. four pairs of jointed legs
    3. have gills called book lungs
  5. Myriapods - centipedes & millepedes
    1. body has many segments
    2. jointed legs on each segment
4. Nematodes
5. Annelids
6. Molluscs
Plants
1. Ferns
  1. have leaves called fronds
  2. no flowers
  3. reproduce by spores under the fronds
  4. reproduce asexually
2. Flowering Plants
  1. Monocotyledons
    1. one cotyledon in seed
    2. parallel veins in narrow leaves
    3. fibrous roots
    4. petals in multiples of three
  2. Dicotyledons
    1. two cotyledons in seed
    2. petals in multiples of four of five
    3. branching veins in wide leaves
    4. tap roots
  3. reproduce sexually - seeds made in ovary
Fungi
1. usually multicellular - have nuclei - have cell walls, no cellulose - no chlorophyll - feed by saprophytic or parasitic nutrition
Protoctista
1. cells have nucleus - may or may not have call wall & chloroplasts - some are producers & others consumers
Prokaryotes (Bacteria)
1. often unicellular - no nucleus, just plasmids - cell walls, not cellulose - no mitochondria

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