Diet and Exercise

Diet and Exercise
1. Metabolic rate
  1. The rate at which the body chemical reactions occur in your body
  2. Muscle needs more energy than fatty tissue
    1. Regular exercise can boost metabolic rate
      1. Builds muscle to boost metabolic rate
    2. Men tend to have a slightly higher rate than women
  3. Physically bigger people are likely to have a higher metabolic rate
    1. More cells means more energy your body needs
  4. Genetic factors can affect this
2. Diet
  1. Balanced
    1. Carbohydrates
      1. Release energy
    2. Fats
      1. Keep warm
      2. Release energy
    3. Protein
      1. Growth
      2. Cell repair
      3. Cell replacement
    4. Fibre
      1. Keeps everything smooth through the digestive system
    5. Vitamins and mineral ions
      1. Keep skin, bones blood etc. healthy
  2. Unbalanced
    1. Obesity
      1. Eating too much
      2. Excess carbohydrates or fat
      3. Common in MEDCS
        20% over max recommended body mass
      4. Causes
        Hormonal problems
        Bad diet
        Overeating
        Lack of exercise
      5. Health problems
        Arthritis
        Type 2 diabetes
        High blood pressure
        Too much salt
        Heart disease
        Cancer
        Increased blood cholestrol
        Too much saturated fat
    2. Malnutrition
      1. Common in LEDCS
        Lack of food
      2. Effects depend on what's lacking
        Slow growth
        Fatigue
        Poor resistance to infection
        Irregular periods
      3. Deficiency disease
        Lack of vitamins and minerals
        Eg. Lack of Vitamin C can cause scurvy
        Problems with skin, joints and gums
Exercise
1. Increases amount of energy used by the body
  1. Decreases amount stored as fat
2. Builds muscle to boost metabolic rate
3. People who exercise regularly are healthier
  1. Less likely to suffer from health problems
4. Can still be malnourished if you're physically fit
  1. Diet isn't balanced
Inherited factors
1. Health can depend on genes
2. Affect their metabolic rate
  1. Underactive thyroid gland
    1. Lowers metabolic rate
      1. Obesity
3. Affect blood cholesterol levels
  1. Increases heart disease
  2. Cholesterol is a fatty substance found in every cell

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Diet and Exercise

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