Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Nucleotides
- What is it?
- Type of biological molecules
comprised of three things...
- Pentose Sugar
- Nitrogenous Base
- Phosphate group
- They are the monomers that
make up DNA and RNA
- These are types of nucleic acids
- ADP and ATP are special types of
nucleotide and are used for
storing and transporting energy
- DNA
- Has a pentose sugar that is deoxyribose
- Each DNA nucleotide has the same
sugar and phosphate group
- There are four possible nitrogenous bases...
- Pyrimidine
- Cytosine
- Thymine
- A Pyrimidine base has one carbon-nitrogen ring
- Purine
- Adenine
- Guanine
- A Purine has two carbon-nitrogen rings
- Two polynucleotide chains joined together
- RNA
- Has a ribose pentose sugar
- Like DNA, RNA has a phosphate
group and four possible bases
- Uracil (pyrimidine) is a base that replaces Thymine
- Made up of a single polynucleotide chain
- Formation of Polynucleotides
- Nucleotides join by a
condensation reaction
between the phosphate
group of one nucleotide
and the sugar of another
- This is a phosphodiester bond
- A reverse hydrolysis reaction
can take place to break down
the polynucleotide chain