54582
Beschreibung
Mindmap von ellywhitehead, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von ellywhitehead
vor etwa 11 Jahre
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UNHCR
- Between a Rock and a Hard Place?
- Budgetary Constriants
- 97% based on voluntary contributions
- makes long term planning difficult
- 'earmarking' by donors
- makes long term planning difficult
- 97% based on voluntary contributions
- Choice of Commissioner
- Puppet for Major donors?
- Puppet for Major donors?
- National soverignty
- States decide who qualifies unless UNHCR asked to help
- during conflict?
- States decide who qualifies unless UNHCR asked to help
- 3 durable solutions of 1951 Convention
- Resettlement onto a third country
- Integration into country that they fled to
- Voluntary repatriation to country of origin
- Resettlement onto a third country
- Budgetary Constriants
- CASE STUDIES
- RWANDA and the GREAT LAKES
- Invasion in 1994 by RPF leads to mass exodus of Hutus
- Hutus flees to neighboring countries and set up Camps
- DRC 1.2m
- Tanzania 580,000
- Implications
- Economic cost - initial response and local economy
- Social Cost - racial tension; Cholera
- Political: DRC, Rwanda attack militarized camps
- Environmental; wood for fire etc
- Security
- Interhamwe administered camps
- Radio Mill Collines continues to broadcast in camps
- UNHCR funding war?
- Radio Mill Collines continues to broadcast in camps
- close to borders, provoking Rwandan attacks
- SGBV in camps
- HEALTH issues
- Interhamwe administered camps
- Economic cost - initial response and local economy
- DRC 1.2m
- Hutus flees to neighboring countries and set up Camps
- Invasion in 1994 by RPF leads to mass exodus of Hutus
- VIETNAMESE BOAT PEOPLE
- Post 1975
- After US withdrawal from Vietnam South flee to Hong Kong
- Thatcher pledged 'PORT OF FIRST ASYLUM'
- open centres run by UNHCR
- employment opportunities
- 91% resettlement rate
- 1982
- Camps CLOSE
- LOCAL XENOPHOBIA
- LOCAL XENOPHOBIA
- 1988 Screening Process
- illegal until screened
- 90% REJECTION
- 90% REJECTION
- 1989 - Comprehensive Plan of Action and Voluntary Repatriation Programme
- Financial inducements
- mandatory repatriation
- apauling camp conditions
- 1992 25% budget cuts
- 1996 US program of return
- 1997 Hong Kong handover
- 1997 Hong Kong handover
- 1996 US program of return
- Financial inducements
- illegal until screened
- Camps CLOSE
- open centres run by UNHCR
- Thatcher pledged 'PORT OF FIRST ASYLUM'
- After US withdrawal from Vietnam South flee to Hong Kong
- Post 1975
- YUGOSLAVIA
- UNHCR as lead agency
- Area of expertise
- Bureaucratic presence
- War situation
- response to ethnic cleansing
- Majority of funding goes to UNPROFOR (Military)
- Area of expertise
- 1995 - Srebrenica
- 7000 men and boys killed
- 30 Dutch Peacekeepers taken hostage
- 28th Aug - Market bomb kills 37
- 28th Aug - Market bomb kills 37
- 30 Dutch Peacekeepers taken hostage
- Resolution
- NATO - 2 week intensive bombing
- DAYTON
- All actors agree to let people return safely
- People able to claim back property
- Freedom of movement
- All actors agree to let people return safely
- NATO - 2 week intensive bombing
- 7000 men and boys killed
- LESSONS LEARNED?
- UNHCR not used to operating in war
- Military uncomfortable with humanitarian role
- division of leadership (UNHCR/UNPROFOR)
- UNHCR associated with blue helmets
- UNPROFOR 6 month rotation disrupts continuity
- UNHCR forced to use 'safe havens' sue to donor interests
- UNHCR not used to operating in war
- UNHCR as lead agency
- RWANDA and the GREAT LAKES
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