Food Security

Food Security exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to meet their deitary needs and food perference for an active and healthy life. (FAO, 1996)
Eradication of hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition
4 pillars of food security: (WHO +FAO)
1. 1. Food Availability: sufficient quantities of food available on a constant basis
  1. 2. Food Accessbility: sufficient resources to obtain foods for a nutritious diet
    1. 3. Food use: cultural element, population to cook & prepare food, education, clean water
      1. 4. Food Stability: lack of fear. e.g. natural/crop disaster
Food Security Targets
1. World Food Summit (2009)- set the target to reduce under malnutrition under 50% by the end of 2015. Missed- 225 millon above this target
  1. Millenuium Declaration (MD)- set 8 goals for a world less with less poverty, hunger and disease
    1. MDG1: Eradicate extreme poverty, hunger *Achieved
      1. 1 C. Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the population of people who suffer from hunger
FAO Hunger Map 2015
1. About 793 million people in the world still lack sufficient food for conduction an active and healthy life
  1. Approx. 218 million fewer people suffer from under malnourishment than 25 years ago
    1. 73 out of 129 developing countries (57%) have reached the MDG1 hunger target
Global Issues
1. Global population increase
  1. Increase in crop yield tailing off
    1. Pest
      1. Food Waste- 40% crop decrease
        Water usage
        Climate change
        Sustainability
        Connected to the food system
Problems
1. Increasing population= more varied diet= more food/less land + limited access to water= increase cost for fertilisers + fuel for transport and storage
Current Situation
1. Increasing population
  1. Changing diet
    1. Competition for arable land
      1. Global economic crisis
        Increasing food price
        Increase fuel price
        Food riots
Climate change and food security
1. Increased Co2 in atmosphere = increase plant yields
  1. New land becoming suitable for farming= not too cold to farm
    1. Increase desertification and drought
      1. increase insect (pest) disease
        *Pace of change= hard to cope, resistance take time
Future Trends
1. 90% of preducted population increase will occur in ELDCs
  1. 70% of global population will live in urban areas by 2050 (51% now)
    1. Rising obesity in ELDC and EMDCs
      1. Increase meat consumption leading to increase demands for cereals and water
        The World Bank estimate that cereal production needs to increase by 50% (from 2.1 to 3 bn tonnes) and meat production by 85% (470 tonnes) between 2000 and 2030 to meet demand
        80% of the necessary production increase to meet demand= increase yields and cropping intensity
        Increase water demand
        Negative impact of climate change
        2.8 bn people currently live in area of water stress

Nächster

Beschreibung

Zusammenfassung der Ressource

ähnlicher Inhalt

	Erstellt von Tc Chau vor mehr als 8 Jahre