Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Drug discovery
- drugs can have many definitions
- substance used in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of a disease or as a component of a medication
- any biological or chemical substance (synthetic or non-synthetic)
- anything that affects the way an organism works
- can be taken to enhance function
- there are many key points
- target can be a specific cell type, protein or molecule
- are administrated to patients (individuals who have the disease)
- ways of measuring
- can measure the disease
- can measure the effect of the drug
- cell death/growth
- changes in levels
- Pharmacogenomics/Pharmacogenetics
- impact on drug discovery and development
- How do we get drugs to work?
- target validation is key
- proteins target have many domains/motifs which each has a different function
- domains can localise proteins
- domains can bind to other proteins
- domains can bind to other molecules
- most proteins have multiple domains
- proteins have many functions
- How drugs are discovered?
- disease is anything that can affect the proper functioning of a body
- infection
- genetic disorder
- result of environmental conditions (malnourishment, poisoning, stress)
- most of the work in our body is done by proteins
- contains thousands of types of proteins
- construction of each is determined by the DNA in the nucleus of each cell
- DNA contains instruction of how to build a specific protein
- How drugs are developed?
- Non-clinical drug development
- stages in drug discovery process
- animal testing
- Problem of one vs several chemical
- Drugs and plants
- Differences and similarities of drugs and medicinal plants
- there are many plant based medicines and drugs
- need for consumer education about herbal supplements and drugs
- different boards and committees
- FDA
- Institutional Review Board
- drug discovery is anything but cheap
- company mainly wants value whereas Contract Research Organisations mainly want good understanding of chemistry and competitive price
- most drugs fail after considerable expense
- failure at Phase 3 could loose company 10% of share value
- successful drug could cost between £100 million to over £1 billion from discovery phase to market
- increases company share value
- money comes from customers and drives future drug discovery