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Reformation

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Reformation
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Reformation
  1. Causes
    1. Short-term
      1. Martin Luther
        1. Questioned indulgence sales and the wealth of the Church
          1. 95 Theses
            1. pinned to the door of the church of Wittenberg
              1. Statements on points of difference between belief and reality
            2. Excommunicated by the Pope (Leo X)
              1. German people protected him
          2. Long-term
            1. Black Death
              1. 1.4 million deaths, including many priests
                1. no cure
                  1. the Church had no religious explanaion
                  2. Pope's power began to decline
                    1. rise of powerful kings
                      1. Babylonian Captivity
                        1. Pope "stuck" in Avignon for 70 years
                        2. election of two popes
                          1. Italian Church
                            1. French Church
                          2. Increasing importance of other aspects of life
                            1. Crusades
                              1. Discovery of America, the "New World" (1492)
                                1. Many discovery voyages, travels
                                2. Renaissance
                                  1. People starting to lose interest in religion
                                    1. Invention of printing press (Gutenberg 1436)
                                      1. Ideas spread even faster than before
                                        1. Opportunity for many people po popularise their handwork, ideas, books
                                  2. Two major protestants against the Church
                                    1. John Wycliffe
                                      1. the Pope is not Christ's represantative
                                        1. christian people can only be guided by the Holy Bible
                                          1. Followers: Lollards
                                          2. John Huss
                                            1. follower of John Wycliffe's teachings
                                              1. Spread John's writings across Bohemia
                                                1. his burning led to a very long protest named the Hussite Wars
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