Why Did Mussolini Come into Power?

DISILLUSIONMENT AND FRUSTRATION IN POST-WAR ITALY
1. Treaty of Versailles did not give them what they had been promised.
  1. Fiume was taken over by Gabriele D'Annunizio
  2. Lands not given: Dalmatia, Adalia, some Aegan islands and a protectorate over Albania
2. Terrible economic effects of the war
  1. Value of Lira has decreased from 5 to the dollar in 1914 to 28 to the dollar in 1921
    1. therefore cost of living also went up x5
3. Hatred for the parliamentary system
  1. 5 different cabinets with shaky majorities came and went
    1. Nine different parties in May 1921
      1. Indecisive government
WAVE OF STRIKES 1919-20
1. Unification of socialist parties and trade unions thanks to industrialization
  1. Italian Communist Party formed in Jan 1921
    1. However the revolution had already fizzed out thanks to this
MUSSOLINI ATTRACTED WIDESPREAD SUPPORT
1. Went from extreme left to extreme right
  1. Dropped the republican part of his program, made conciliatory speeches for the Church, and spoke in favour of big-businesses.
LACK OF EFFECTIVE OPPOSITION
1. Socialists and Nationalists had not united to eradicate Fascism.
  1. Giovanni Giolitti resigned
    1. Socialists called strike in summer of 1922
      1. Strike failed, Mussolini emerged as the 'saviour of nation from communism"
        King Victor Emmanuel III did not declare state of emergency, invited Mussolini to power
        He did this because:-
        Lack of confidence in Luigi Facta (the PM)
        doubts as to whether army could be relied on to obey orders
        fear of a civil war

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Why Did Mussolini Come into Power?

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