Ahmed's frequent infections

types of immunodeficiency
1. Primary ID
  1. SCID
    1. Both B and T cells are affected
    2. caused by
      1. mutations in genes
    3. types
      1. classical X-linked
      2. ADA difeciny
        Autosomal disorder
        lack of adenosine deaminase
        nodded on chromosome 20
        diagnosed by
        lymphopenia
        low Ig
        low level of t, b cells and NK
    4. treatment
      1. preventing infections
      2. transplant
        Bone marrow transplant
        taking healthy stem cells from the bone marrow and transfer them to another
        required HLA typing
        methods
        serology
        mixed lymphocyte culture
        molecular Assays
      3. gene therapy
      4. enzyme therapy
  2. disorder of T celss
  3. T cells deficiency with variable B-cells
  4. Disorder of B-Cells
  5. Non-specific immune system
  6. Complements disorder
  7. lab investigation
    1. CBC
    2. B- cells defect
    3. phagocytic cells defects
    4. T-cells defects
    5. complement defects
  8. prenatal diagnosis & carrier detection
    1. cord blood sampling
      1. CBC
      2. WBC
    2. chronic villus sampling
    3. enzyme analysis amnion cells
2. Secondry ID
  1. AIDS
  2. aging
  3. Malignancies
  4. other conditions
    1. DM
    2. Sickle-cell anemia
    3. burns
    4. alcoholism
Hypersensitivity
1. Type 1
  1. anaphylactic
    1. by - IgE ABs
      1. either localized or systemic 15-30 mins
2. type 2
  1. cytotoxic
    1. by- IgG , IgM ABs
      1. cytotoxic reaction mins - hours
3. type 3
  1. immune complex
    1. by- IgG , IgM
      1. complement & neutrophils 3- 8 hours
4. type 4
  1. delayed type
    1. cell mediated
      1. eczema & local induration 48-72 hours
organ rejection
1. types
  1. Hyperacute rejection
  2. Acute rejection
  3. chronic rejection
2. Treatment
  1. Immunosuppresive therapy
  2. Antibody-based treatments
  3. blood transfer
  4. marrow transplant
Demographics
1. Ahmed
2. Male
3. nine months old

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Ahmed's frequent infections

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	Erstellt von Safaa Fayiz vor etwa 8 Jahre