Tourism 2

Tourism 2

***COSTA DEL SOL*** - Tourism impacts MEDC
1. Benefits
  1. Money brought into local economy. Benalmadena was a small fishing village now a tourist resort
  2. Creates jobs for local people and increases the income of industries that supply tourism - multiplier effect
  3. Lots of jobs mean young people will stay in the area
  4. Improved roads and communications benefit the local people (new airport in Malaga)
  5. Traditional industries such as wooden crafts and lace making have benefited
  6. Nightclubs, casinos and other forms of entertainment have been developed, again providing jobs
  7. Local farmers benefit supplying food to hotels. Indeed Benalmedena and the surrounding area has become a 'honey pot site'. However the growth of tourism also has a negative side
2. Costs
  1. Many of the jobs are low pay and seasonal. However this problem has been partly solved by O.A.P's going to Benalmedena for the winter months (Grey pound)
  2. Some of the hotels built in the 1980's now look shabby
  3. The increase in traffic has become a problem for locals and tourists
  4. The behaviour of some tourists can offend the locals. Drunkenness and noise have become a problem for the marina area in Benalmedena
  5. In the late nineties land prices soared around Benalmedena and good farm land has been built over. Much of the surrounding countryside has been spoilt
  6. The growth in souvenir shops, takeaway restaurants and similar facilities needed by visitors are no use to the local people this can cause resentment
EFFECTS OF TOURISM
1. Negative
  1. Economic
    1. Farmland is lost - some farmers lose their jobs and homes and the food supply is reduced. House prices increase too fast. The cost of living for local people rises. Poorly paid jobs in the service industry. Low paid seasonal holiday jobs only. The cost of building rises. Foreigners get jobs e.g lifeguard instead of local people.
  2. Social
    1. Discos and bars open until late, and very noisy all night. Kenyan people living in the National Parks have been forced to leave their homes. Involve wild late night parties. Involve wild late night parties. Foreigners get jobs e.g lifeguard instead of local people. Drunk people fighting in the streets at night.
  3. Environmental
    1. Wildlife has died. Beaches and sheltered lagoons may be polluted. Cause waste and pollution. Lots of minibuses driving on the dirt tracks can create lots of dust/mud and soil erosion. Vegetation is cleated to make way for big hotels. Endanger the survival of rainforest plant and animal species. Birdlife has flown off as habitat destroyed. Animals can get put off feeding, drinking and mating if there are minibuses very close. Hot air balloons have loud gas burners which make a lot of noise. Minibus drivers take tourists to the animals.
2. Positive
  1. Economic
    1. Jobs in hotels and bars. Money for hospitals and schools. Demand for locally produced souvenirs. Modernisation of airports, roads and ports. The money that tourists bring in goes to the government, not to the local people. Tourism can create lots of jobs. Money from tourism has helped to improve roads, houses, schools and hospitals. Builders get a lot of work. Foreign investment. Minibus drivers get good tips if they drive off the paths and get really close to the animals. Tourists eat the local food and drink the local drink. Local people can make souvenirs to sell to the tourists. Enable profits from tourist to reach the local people.
  2. Social
    1. Teach people traditional crafts and life skills of the forest. Tourists eat the local food and drink the local drink. Minibus drivers take tourists to the animals. Be educational for the tourists. Allow tourists to 'observe' local people in their native habitat.
  3. Environmental
    1. Infrastructure like power and water supplies connected. Modernisations of airports, roads and ports.
***KENYA*** - Tourism impacts LEDC
1. Kenya is located in the East of Africa. Kenya is on the coast and the equator runs straight throughout the middle. It's capital is Nairobi. Some countries that border Kenya is Uganda and Tanzania. Kenya's sea is the Indian Ocean. Kenya became a popular tourist destination in the 1970's & 80's
2. Why visit Kenya?
  1. HUMAN
    1. -Cultural experience local tribes (e.g Maasai. Learn about their lifestyle) -English speaking: two official languages are English & Swahili. -Good transport links, well developed roads and airport in Nairobi
  2. PHYSICAL
    1. -Tropical climate (sun all year around) -Safari holidays (the big 5:lion, elephant, rhino, leopard, buffalo) e.g Maasai Mara/Nakuru National Park. -Coastal Holidays e.g South East beach Mombassa. . . -Coral reefs 240 square miles. 800+ turtles
3. Impacts
  1. Positive
    1. -People are more educated about african culture. -Brings money to the local area due to tourists spending money. -More jobs available in the hotels etc
  2. Negative
    1. -Safari vehicle frighten and scare away wildlife. -More tourists mean more litter, pollution from cars/transport. -Culture and tradition may be spoilt
4. Benefits
  1. Economic
    1. -Half a million people are employed in tourism -Living standards improved, more schools and hospitals -Kenya's infrastructure has improved -Local tribes are able to make money (e.g the Maasai tribe sell handicrafts)
  2. Environmental
    1. -Safari parks protect animal poachers and prevent extinction
  3. Social
    1. -Traditional skills retained -Tourists educated about wildlife
5. Costs
  1. Economic
    1. -Jobs are low paid and temporary -Foreign multinationals own 80% of the hotels, so most profit goes back to MEDC's
  2. Environmental
    1. -Coral reefs are damaged -Safari buses cause soil erosion and alter animal behaviour -Hotels use up precious water
  3. Social
    1. -Traditional ways are lost as they dance for tourists to make a living -Alcohol and standards of dress offend kenyan muslims. . . . . . . . . . .-Sex tourism is common on the coast

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