The Dumas 1906-14

The First Duma
1. Broad franchise, SR's + Bolsheviks boycotted elections.
2. Largest group: Trudoviks (radicals) - Kadets - The Progressivists (liberal middle class business men).
3. All groups wanted further reform e.g. land/amnesty.
4. Dissolved only 72 days later by the Tsar. Only 2 resolutions passed: one against capital punishment + one in favour of famine relief.
The Vyborg Manifesto
1. Frustrated by the dissolution, a group of Duma deputies issued the Manifesto, asking the Russian people to resist the Tsar's action through non-payment of taxes. This backfired + 200 deputies who made the manifesto were banned from standing for the next Duma.
The Second Duma
1. No. of Kadets halved b/c banned due to Manifesto.
2. SRs + SDs gained seats.
3. Only lasted 3 months + sharply criticised the admin of the army + this angered Tsar + supporters.
  1. Police framed radical members for trying to encourage mutinies - Tsar given perfect excuse to dissolve the Duma.
The Third and Fourth Dumas
1. Franchise restricted to the richest 30% of the male population.
  1. Pro govt parties performed well winning 287/443 seats
2. Stolypin used this to push through further land reforms.
Successes and Failures
1. Land Captains (1892) replaced by justices of the peace.
2. Introduction of a plan to have universal primary education within 10 yrs.
3. Health + accident insurance programmes for workers.

Zusammenfassung der Ressource

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