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Mindmap von mcgowan-w-10, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von mcgowan-w-10
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IB SL Biology: Cells
- Cell Theory
- 1. All living organisms are composed of cells
- 2. Cells are the smallest unit of life
- 3. Cells come from pre-existing cells
- 3. Cells come from pre-existing cells
- 2. Cells are the smallest unit of life
- Proof
- One sealed soup container: no decay
- Other open soup container: decay
- Bacteria in air
- One sealed soup container: no decay
- 1. All living organisms are composed of cells
- Multicellular organisms
- Differentiation
- Cells specialise in different functions
- Genes needed to specialise
- Once specialised, cell is committed
- Once specialised, cell is committed
- Genes needed to specialise
- Cells specialise in different functions
- Exhibits emergent properties
- More than sum of parts - complex interations
- More than sum of parts - complex interations
- Differentiation
- Unicellular
- Single cell = all functions of life
- Amoeba
- Euglena
- Chlorella
- Amoeba
- Single cell = all functions of life
- Stem Cells
- Retain ability to differentiate along different pathways
- Small number of embryonic cells still retained by adult body
- Potential for tissue repair
- Cord blood for leukaemia
- Skin grafts
- Heart regeneration
- Therapeutic use: bone marrow transplant as a result of chemotherapy
- Cord blood for leukaemia
- Potential for tissue repair
- Retain ability to differentiate along different pathways
- Cell Size
- SA:Vol ratio
- Smaller animals - poor
- Heat loss - big issue
- Heat loss - big issue
- Bigger animals - good
- Lungs + gills
- Smaller animals - poor
- SA:Vol ratio
- Prokaryotic Cells
- "Before the nucleus"
- Cell Wall
- Prevents damage
- Retains structure
- Retains structure
- Prevents damage
- Plasma Membrane
- Controls entry and exit of substances
- Controls entry and exit of substances
- Cytoplasm
- Site of biochemical reactions
- Site of biochemical reactions
- Pili
- Hair-like structure
- Connect bacteria together
- Connect bacteria together
- Hair-like structure
- Flagella
- Propels cells
- Propels cells
- Ribosomes
- Synthesise proteins
- Translation of messenger RNA
- 70 S
- 70 S
- Translation of messenger RNA
- Synthesise proteins
- Nucleoid
- Naked DNA
- Naked DNA
- Binary fission
- "Before the nucleus"
- Eukaryotic Cells
- Nucleus
- Stores genetic information
- Chromosomes
- Strands of DNA associated with protein
- 4+
- 4+
- Strands of DNA associated with protein
- Chromosomes
- Stores genetic information
- Mitochondria
- Carry out aerobic respiration
- Carry out aerobic respiration
- Lysosome
- Stores digestive enzymes
- Stores digestive enzymes
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum
- Synthesises proteins for secretion from cell
- Synthesises proteins for secretion from cell
- Golgi Apparatus
- Processes proteins before secretion
- Processes proteins before secretion
- Plasma Membrane
- Controls entry and exit of substances
- Controls entry and exit of substances
- Free ribosomes
- Synthesise proteins for use in the cytoplasm
- 80 S
- 80 S
- Synthesise proteins for use in the cytoplasm
- Nucleus
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