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IB SL Biology: Cell Division
- Interphase
- G1
- Period of growth
- DNA transcription
- Protein synthesis
- Period of growth
- S phase
- All DNA in nucleus is replicated
- All DNA in nucleus is replicated
- G2
- Cell prepares for division
- Cell prepares for division
- Longest phase of cell cycle
- Increase in mitochondria/chloroplasts
- G1
- Mitosis
- Occurs after interphase
- Tissue repair, growth, embryonic dev. and asexual reproduction
- Tissue repair, growth, embryonic dev. and asexual reproduction
- Early prophase
- Chromosomes become observable due to supercoiling
- Spindle microtubules are growing
- Chromosomes become observable due to supercoiling
- Late prophase
- Each chromosome = two chromatids
- Chromatids held together by centromere
- Genetically identical - formed by DNA replication
- Genetically identical - formed by DNA replication
- Chromatids held together by centromere
- Spindle microtubules extend from poles to equator
- Each chromosome = two chromatids
- Metaphase
- Nuclear membrane has broken down
- Chromosomes have migrated to equator
- Chromosomes have migrated to equator
- Spindle microtubules from both poles attach to each centromere
- Nuclear membrane has broken down
- Anaphase
- Centromeres divided; chromatids have
become chromosomes
- Centromeres divided; chromatids have
become chromosomes
- Early telophase
- Chromosomes have reached poles
- Nuclear membranes begin to form
- Nuclear membranes begin to form
- Spindle microtubules break down
- Chromosomes have reached poles
- Late telophase
- Chromosomes uncoil, no longer indiv. visible
- Cell divides :CYTOKINESIS - two cells with genetically identical nuclei
- Chromosomes uncoil, no longer indiv. visible
- Tumours
- The result of uncontrolled cell division; can occur in any organ or tissue
- The result of uncontrolled cell division; can occur in any organ or tissue
- Occurs after interphase
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