Zusammenfassung der Ressource
IB SL Biology: Chemical Elements and Water
- Most frequently occurring chemical elements in living things
- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen
- Nitrogen
- Other necessary elements
- Sulphur
- Needed for synthesis of two amino acids
- Calcium
- Acts as a messenger by binding to
calmodulin + other proteins which
regulate transcription + other
processes in the cell
- Phosphorus
- Part of DNA molecules
- Part of phosphate groups in ATP
- Sodium
- Raises solute concentration in cytoplasm
which causes water to enter by osmosis
- Iron
- Synthesis of cytochromes (proteins
used during electron transport for
aerobic respiration
- Properties of water
- Thermal
- Large HC: much energy needed to break hydrogen bonds
- temperature generally remains stable
- High boiling and freezing points
- Due to strong hydrogen bonds