Basic genetics

                                                                              Genetics      genetics - branch of biology that deals with heredity and genetic variation. heredity - passing of triats from parents to their offspring.  we have character and traits for example hair color is character and black/brown is the trait. Gregor Johann Mendel - father of genetics. dominant gene 'AA' or 'Aa' (heterozygous/homozygous)  recessive gene 'aa' (homozygous) homozygous - both alleles are the same heterozygous -both alleles are different. diploid -organisms that have to sets of chromosomes  pure lines - are the descendants obtained after inbreeding for several generations. Inbreedings is a process of crossing individuals from the same family. phenotype - features that can be seen or observed by us externally. eg tall height. Genotype -genetic make up that can be observed eg. Tt or TT.