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1. Which of these refers to quantitative type of research?
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numeric
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less in scale
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more subjective
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uncontrolled
Frage 2
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2. Which of these refers to qualitative type of research?
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objective
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factual
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conceptual
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obtrusive
Frage 3
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3. Which of these refers to preliminary stage in research?
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Which of these refers to research proper?
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gathering, analyzing and interpreting data
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re-drafting your paper according to research evaluation criteria
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creating a working hypothesis
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thinking of a type and methods of your research
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All of these refer to individual research EXCEPT for:
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gives you sole ownership of the research
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means that you have to carry out all elements of the research process
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enables you to share responsibility
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means that you are wholly responsible for its progress and success
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All of these refer to group research EXCEPT for:
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provides you with a ready made support network
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may result in a more focused project determined by you
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provides you with useful experience of team working
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allows you to take on larger-scale topics than you could otherwise manage
Frage 7
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All of these refer to supervisors’ expectations of their students in doing research EXCEPT for:
Frage 8
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All of these refer to advantages of researching your own workplace EXCEPT for:
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ease of access
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pressure from your employer to research what they want
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it may help your promotion
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you may be able to do some research in work time
Frage 9
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All of these are research evaluation criteria EXCEPT for:
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complexity
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significance
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validity
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generalizability
Frage 10
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Interviewing refers to the stage of________.
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Reading professional journals refers to the stage of_________.
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Processing the collected data refers to the stage of__________.
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Research is evaluated against such criteria as_____.
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reliability
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brevity
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fidelity
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simplicity
Frage 14
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Mark the activity referring to primary research:
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studying and analyzing the research findings reported in books and journals
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reading topographical maps
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conducting a social survey
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doing a literature review
Frage 15
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In which research the results are tangible:
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pure
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practical
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theoretical
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qualitative
Frage 16
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You solve a pure research problem by
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changing something out there in the world
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doing something
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learning more about the world around you
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conducting a practical research.
Frage 17
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Practical and research problems ___
Frage 18
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.___ research originates in one's mind.
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Pure
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Field
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Practical
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Quantitative
Frage 19
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Choose the appropriate chronological sequence: A Analyzing the data B Stating the hypothesis C Gathering the data D Choosing the research problem E Interpreting the results of the data analysis in order to test the hypothesis F Extensive study of the respective field
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FDBCAE
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DFCAEB
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ACDEFB
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DFBCAE
Frage 20
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Surveying refers to the stage of_______
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Designing research
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Gathering the data
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Interpreting the results
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analyzing data
Frage 21
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Dis/proving the hypothesis refers to the stage of_______
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Designing research
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Gathering the data
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Interpreting the results
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Analyzing data
Frage 22
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Hypothecizing an approach to the stated problem's solution takes place at all of these stages EXCEPT for:
Frage 23
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Attending inter/national meetings of professional communities may take place at all of these stages EXCEPT for:
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Interpreting the results
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Gathering the data
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Choosing the problem
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Stating the hypothesis
Frage 24
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In which research the results are impalpable/intangible:
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pure
-
practical
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primary
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secondary
Frage 25
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Mark the activity referring to secondary research:
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Digging up ancient burial grounds
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summarizing the experts' views
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making up a topographical map
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conducting a survey
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Choose the appropriate chronological sequence in building up your survey:A. Collect the data B. Record, analyze, and interpret the data C. Decide how to measure the information
D. Clarify the purposes of the research E Choose interviewing methodology (questionnaire or interview)
Frage 27
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Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of an experiment:
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allocation of samples to different experimental conditions
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selection of a single case of a situation, individual or group
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measurement on a small number of variables
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introduction of planned changes on one or more variables
Frage 28
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A field experiment is:
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deliberate manipulation of the independent variable in the participants’ own environment
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Usually carried out in an artificial situation, the researcher attempts to control for as many confounding variables by using standardized procedures
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recording the effect of the independent variable, which is changed by natural occurrences, on the dependent variable
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random manipulation of the independent variable in the participants’ own environment
Frage 29
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Role limitations is a/n ___________of participant observation.
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advantage
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disadvantage
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feature
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strength
Frage 30
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Bias is a disadvantage of ___ observation.
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participant
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non-participant
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structured
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unstructured
Frage 31
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Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of the case study:
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study of the case in its context
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selection of a single case of a situation, individual or group of interest or concern
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allocation of samples to different experimental conditions
-
multi-method approach
Frage 32
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A hybrid type of case study is ____
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snapshot
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longitudinal
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patchwork
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comparative
Frage 33
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The sampling when respondents are stopped in the street and asked is called a _________sampling.
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quota
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random
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haphazard
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representative
Frage 34
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Which of the following is a disadvantage of survey:
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They provide large amount of data at relatively low cost, in a short time
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There are undetected ambiguities in understanding the survey questions
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Often this is the only way of getting information about a large set of people
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It collects generalizable information from almost any population
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__________ interviews are used if you are certain of what you want to know but still want to leave some room for exploration.
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Semi-structured
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Structured
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Unstructured
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Restructured
Frage 36
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Mark a disadvantage of the interview:
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The presence of the interviewer
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Biases are difficult to rule out.
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Non-verbal cues may help in understanding the verbal response
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It is flexible
Frage 37
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A snapshot case study is a ________
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detailed, objective study of one research object at one point in time
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hybrid type of case study
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study of one research object at multiple time points
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a set of multiple case studies
Frage 38
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A longitudinal case study is _________
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study of one research object at multiple time points
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a detailed, objective study of one research object at one point in time
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a hybrid type of case study
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study of different objects at multiple time points
Frage 39
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Measure¬ment of variables is a typical feature of a/an __.
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case study
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survey
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observation
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experiment
Frage 40
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Quota sampling is done when _____
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respondents represent the numerical ratios of various subgroups
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you stop people in the street and ask them
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everybody has an equal chance to be chosen
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) the population under study is represented proportionately
Frage 41
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Too much data is a/n____ of mechanical recording of observation data.
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merit
-
advantage
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benefit
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disadvantage
Frage 42
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Sampling in which the numerical ratios of various subgroups (by gender, age, etc.) are arranged is called _________.
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haphazard
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random
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quota
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representative
Frage 43
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___observation is more objective.
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Participant
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Non-participant
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Unstructured
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Structured
Frage 44
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Case study techniques DO NOT include:
Frage 45
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In a rotating sample survey
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you collect standardized data from an undifferentiated representative sample
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you make use of a different sample of respondents for each repetition
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you use a hybrid of repeated cross-sectional simple survey and the panel
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the design data are collected on the same respondents at two or more points of time.
Frage 46
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Which of them is NOT an advantage of case study?
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currency
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multiplicity of sources
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depth of understanding
-
izability of conclusions
Frage 47
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______surveys have the highest degree of data standardization
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Highly structured
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Semi-structured
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Unstructured
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Restructured
Frage 48
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______ is the best method for triangulation of research findings.
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Experiment
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Survey
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Case study
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Observation
Frage 49
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In a ____ survey, design data are collected on the same respondents several times.
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panel
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simple
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rotating
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postal
Frage 50
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The most flexible kind of research method is_______.
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observation
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experiment
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survey
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case study
Frage 51
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interprets the research findings
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presents the data analysis results
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briefly describes the respondents
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outlines the goals and objectives of the research
Frage 52
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Abstract differs from executive summary in the sense that it is:
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not more than 10 pages
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longer
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shorter
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more detailed
Frage 53
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Executive summary is similar to abstract in the sense that…
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It is a long document which is sufficient for its full understanding.
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It is presented before the table of contents.
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It is a 1-page paper outline
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If you read it, you don’t need to read the whole paper
Frage 54
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Mark the subsections referring to Introduction
Frage 55
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. …. describes how participants were chosen, the tasks assigned them, how they were conducted, how data were evaluated.
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Discussion
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Materials and Procedures
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Conclusion
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Introduction
Frage 56
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A good conclusion should ____.
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summarize the whole paper, it aims, significance, results, conclusions, action plan/recommendations, prospects for future research.
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summarize an article written for the purpose of enticing the reader to read the whole article
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summarize scholarly source material on a particular topic, the work done by other researchers.
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describe the research method
Frage 57
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Which paper structure component includes sources which are actually cited in the paper?
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Bibliography
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Appendices
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References
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Quotations
Frage 58
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Select the statement referring to the Results section
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Presents the data analysis in an organized fashion
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Describes how data were evaluated
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Summarizes the whole article
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Interprets the data
Frage 59
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Not so important pieces of evidence may be presented in ….
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Discussion
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Appendix
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Materials and Procedures
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References
Frage 60
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Which of the following paper structure components expresses gratitude to all those who provided assistance in doing the research?
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Abstract
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Acknowledgements
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Introduction
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Conclusion
Frage 61
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Select the statement about Review of Literature.
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Includes sources which are actually cited in the paper
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Contains an alphabetical list of all publications that you have read, but has not referred to.
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Shows what work has been done by other researchers
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Explains the research goals.
Frage 62
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The abstract DOES NOT differ from executive summary in …
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purpose
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length
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location
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volume
Frage 63
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Where in a research paper can you find summary of the previous research
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Literature review
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Introduction
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Conclusion
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Discussion
Frage 64
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Where in a research paper can you find summary of the research results?
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Introduction
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Results
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Conclusion
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Literature Review
Frage 65
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Where in a research paper can you find description of the paper structure?
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Introduction
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Literature Review
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Conclusion
-
Materials and Procedures
Frage 66
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Where in a research paper can you find project rationale?
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Introduction
-
Materials and Procedures
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Conclusion
-
Literature Review
Frage 67
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Where in a research paper can you find recommendations based on your research findings?
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Introduction
-
Abstract
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Conclusion
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Results
Frage 68
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Abstract does NOT provide information about the research
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purpose
-
results
-
bibliography
-
goals
Frage 69
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Introduction usually has the following structure:
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rationale, problem, hypothesis, methods and structure
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outline, discussion, hypothesis, rationale and methods
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literature review, hypothesis, findings and summary
-
outline, hypothesis, methods and findings
Frage 70
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Which of the following is one of the purposes of a conclusion of a research paper?
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to highlight the perspectives of the research
-
to set the research context
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to make somebody interested in reading the whole paper
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to prove the hypothesis
Frage 71
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Which of the following parts of the conclusion manifests the value of your research?
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contribution
-
summary
-
prospects
-
recommendations
Frage 72
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Which of the following part of the conclusion discusses factors that affect the results?
Antworten
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limitations
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contribution
-
prospects
-
summary
Frage 73
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What guiding principles should you use in revising your paper's sentence structure?
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Avoid too short and abrupt sentences as well as too long and complex sentences.
-
use long formal sentences carrying a lot of information.
-
Sentence quality is a low priority in research writing because the main point is to convey factual information.
-
One should frequently use personal pronouns to emphasize one’s contribution to research
Frage 74
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Which of the following describes how participants were chosen, the tasks assigned them, how they were conducted, how data were evaluated.
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Results
-
Conclusion
-
Materials and Procedures
-
Discussion
Frage 75
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An alphabetical list of all other publications that the researcher has read, but has not referred to is _________.
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References
-
Bibliography
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Table of Contents
-
Citations
Frage 76
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Which statement about documentation of facts is accurate?
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Any fact in your paper must be documented;
-
Any facts included in a paper should be placed in quotation marks;
-
Facts that represent new information in a particular field of study need to be documented
-
No fact in your paper must be documented
Frage 77
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Which of the following statements about documentation is true?
Antworten
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Because it is difficult to pinpoint the origin of a broad idea, ideas that are not quoted do not need to be documented;
-
Your own ideas must be documented;
-
Subjective information from sources, such as the interpretation or opinion of a writer, must be documented.
-
Common knowledge facts need to be documented
Frage 78
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In which system is the reference made: “Several recent studies [3, 4, 15, 22] have suggested that. . . .”
Frage 79
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Which statement about documentation systems is accurate?
Antworten
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As the author of your paper, you usually have the right to decide which documentation system you use;
-
Most documentation systems are comprised of two parts: citations within the paper, and a list of sources at the end of the paper;
-
Most documentation systems specify that background information on your topic does not have to be documented.
-
All documentation systems require citation of all sources.
Frage 80
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Which statement about use of quotations from sources is true?
Antworten
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Quotations should always be full sentences
-
Quotations should never be full sentences;
-
Quotations may be full sentences, or they may be parts of sentences, depending on your paper's needs.
-
One should never produce quotations longer than 10 lines.
Frage 81
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What are the general guidelines for documenting online sources?
Antworten
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Online sources, including Web pages, are acceptable and should be documented;
-
Online sources are disapproved in APA style because they often lack scholarly credibility;
-
Online sources do not need to be identified by year of publication in the in-text citation.
-
online sources are documented in the same way as other sources
Frage 82
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Which DS is mostly used in the Humanities:
Frage 83
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Which DS is mostly used in the Exact sciences:
Frage 84
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Which DS is mostly used in Linguistics, Philology:
Frage 85
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In IEEE documentation system:
Antworten
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Each appendix should have its own reference list.
-
Each appendix need not have any reference list
-
There should not be any appendices.
-
Each appendix may have its own reference list.
Frage 86
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Which DS is mostly used in History:
Frage 87
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IEEE style encloses citation numbers within the text of a paper
Antworten
-
in square brackets [1]
-
as superscripts1
-
in bracketed form ( )
-
in a footnote
Frage 88
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In which DS is the list of sources used presented NOT alphabetically:
Frage 89
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Which DS uses end-notes/footnotes?
Frage 90
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Which DS as known as the author- year style:
Frage 91
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Which DS puts emphasis on the publication currency
Frage 92
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In which system is the reference made: “Widlow (1) discovered that cells injected with…”
Frage 93
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In which system is the reference made: “Three hundred poets were part of the study (Foozle, 1977) that…”
Frage 94
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In IEEE citations are numbered
Frage 95
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In IEEE citations are numbered
Frage 96
Antworten
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All references to one and the same source have different numbers
-
references are not numbered
-
All references to one and the same source have the same number
-
There may not be several references to one and the same source
Frage 97
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All of these mean “to skim” EXCEPT for:
Frage 98
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. A summary of scholarly source material on a particular topic is called a/an _______________.
Antworten
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abstract
-
literature review
-
analysis
-
executive summary
Frage 99
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The use of someone else’s writing or ideas without proper documentation is called a/an _____.
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paraphrase
-
plagiarism
-
citation
-
quotation
Frage 100
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All of these are purposes of Literature Review EXCEPT for:
Antworten
-
to study and understand the previous research works on your topic;
-
to find out major concepts, theories and conclusions in your topic;
-
to design your research
-
to identify areas of controversy in the literature;
Frage 101
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All of these are sources for Literature Review EXCEPT for
Antworten
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electronic databases
-
CD-ROMs
-
libraries
-
journals
Frage 102
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To provide ________ while taking notes look for works that express a variety of viewpoints on your topic.
Antworten
-
reliability
-
coverage
-
bias
-
depth
Frage 103
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A disadvantage of _____________ is that the information is less referred and not always reliable.
Antworten
-
books
-
journals
-
theses
-
internet sources
Frage 104
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An advantage of ______________ is that they are up to date.
Antworten
-
theses
-
audio-visual materials
-
books
-
periodicals
Frage 105
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Put the following strategies for reading in order:A. Take notes while reading;
B. Critically analyse and summarise the information from the works you read;
C. Read only relevant and significant works;
D. Mainly concentrate on the ideas not on the individual publications;
E. Decide what types of literature you need
Frage 106
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Which expression shows that the author disagrees with smb’s point of view?
Antworten
-
In line with the above….
-
Contrary to this opinion the author maintains that…
-
This controversy has been addressed more than once.
-
According to this author…
Frage 107
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Which of the following is plagiarism?
Antworten
-
a summary of scholarly source material on a particular topic
-
the use of someone else’s words, ideas, or line of thought without acknowledgment
-
a list of sources which are actually cited in the paper
-
the use of someone else’s words, ideas, or line of thought
Frage 108
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Literature review section should make up ___% of the whole paper.
Frage 109
Frage
Which statement about the use of books as a source is true?
Antworten
-
Books typically offer broad coverage of a topic
-
Books are becoming outdated as sources for research papers.
-
Books are always available when you need them
-
Books are a current source of information
Frage 110
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Which of the following would be considered plagiarism?
Antworten
-
Properly documenting a quotation but forgetting to surround it with quotation marks.
-
Using source material
-
Quoting five lines or more from a source
-
Properly documenting a quotation
Frage 111
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All of these should be included into Literature Review EXCEPT for:
Antworten
-
controversial views on the problem under study
-
arguments and findings of other authors
-
your comments on other researchers’ vc,iews
-
the structure of the research project
Frage 112
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When evaluating the usefulness of a source you would typically consider all of these EXCEPT for:
Antworten
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The popularity of the source in terms of sales numbers, readership, or online "hits."
-
Reliability factors such as the author's qualifications or the publisher's reputation.
-
The relevance of the source to your specific topic.
-
The source’s currency
Frage 113
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Which approach is the most useful as an early step in evaluating sources?
Frage 114
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The purpose of literature review is to _____________.
Antworten
-
to get ideas about current approaches and methods
-
to explain why it is important to investigate the problem
-
to place the most important graphs/tables
-
to describe your research
Frage 115
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All of these are sound purposes of reading for research EXCEPT for:
Antworten
-
to learn what other researchers have done in your area
-
in order to spot areas which have not been researched
-
because your supervisor expects you to
-
to identify the problem areas in the field
Frage 116
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Which expression shows that the author disagrees with smb’s point of view?
Antworten
-
In line with the above….
-
Contrary to the opinion of…
-
This controversy has been addressed more than once.
-
The author rightfully maintains that…
Frage 117
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The skill of summarizing is important for all of these reasons EXCEPT for:
Antworten
-
it reflects the depth of understanding of a text;
-
it teaches you to keep track of the number of words in your paper
-
it teaches to differentiate between main and minor points;
-
it improves the skills of compression
Frage 118
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Fidelity of your summary means that you__________.
Antworten
-
represent the source accurately and comprehensively
-
convey briefly the textual information
-
cover all the important things
-
present the borrowed ideas in your own language
Frage 119
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You need to quote to ______
Antworten
-
prove that you have read the original
-
to give authority to your statements
-
make the note-taking process easier
-
make the note-taking process shorter
Frage 120
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In a good summary you need to _______.
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change all the author’s words
-
use the key words of the author
-
change none of the author’s words
-
reproduce the author’s ideas word-fot-word.
Frage 121
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You need to summarize if
Antworten
-
all you are interested in are the main points
-
you want to demonstrate your ability to compress
-
you want to prove that you have read the original
-
want to practice your language skills
Frage 122
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Brevity of your summary means that you________
Antworten
-
represent the source accurately
-
convey briefly the textual information
-
cover all the important things
-
represent the source comprehensively
Frage 123
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A summary of scholarly source material on a particular topic is called a/an ________.
Antworten
-
abstract
-
literature review
-
analysis
-
quotation
Frage 124
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Compression of a whole text in your own words is called_______.
Antworten
-
paraphrasing
-
quoting
-
summarizing
-
quotation
Frage 125
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Completeness of your summary means that you_________
Antworten
-
represent the source accurately
-
convey briefly the textual information
-
cover all the important things
-
represent the source comprehensively
Frage 126
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The language of your summary should be ___ that of the original
Antworten
-
as difficult as
-
easier than
-
more difficult than
-
as easy as the original.
Frage 127
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Your summary should be clear and understandable to anyone who has _______
Frage 128
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Which statement about using a quotation is true?
Antworten
-
It is acceptable to omit words from a quotation as long as the original quote is still represented accurately
-
Blending quotation from a source with paraphrase from the same source is not a good idea in research writing;
-
Capitalization and final punctuation of quoted material may never be altered.
-
Capitalization and final punctuation of quoted material may never be preserved.
Frage 129
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While writing a summary you do all of these EXCEPT for:
Antworten
-
scanning for specific information
-
skimming for the main points
-
compressing the text
-
selecting the main points
Frage 130
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The first sentence of your summary should ________
Antworten
-
mention the author of the original
-
express the overall message of the text
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present the publication record of the source
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the purpose of summarizing
Frage 131
Frage
Your summary should meet all of these requirements EXCEPT for ________
Antworten
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fidelity
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emotional tensity
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coverage
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brevity
Frage 132
Frage
A summary should be reduced to ___% of the original.
Frage 133
Frage
When writing a summary one should read the original ____
Antworten
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only once
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at least twice
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outloud
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many times
Frage 134
Frage
A good summary ___ the original
Frage 135
Frage
When writing a summary avoid using such phrases as the author ______.
Antworten
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says
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agrees
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announces
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supports
Frage 136
Frage
Which statement about the use of summary is correct?
Antworten
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Unlike paraphrases, summaries do not need to be documented.
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When summarizing source material, you can leave out some of the concrete details from the original if they are not necessary for your paper
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Summaries, by their nature, are short and overly general. Therefore, summaries are not appropriate in research writing.
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Summarizing is plagiarism.