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Alzheimers, a disease of the brain, is the most common cause of [blank_start]dementia[blank_end].
It leads to problems with [blank_start]cognition[blank_end], memory etc...
Alzheimers is caused by [blank_start]plaques[blank_end] building up in the brain, stopping [blank_start]neurons[blank_end] from functioning correctly.
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dementia
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cognition
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plaques
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neurons
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arteries
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capillaries
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cancer
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Which of these are risk factors for Alzheimers?
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Age
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High Blood Pressure
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Genetics
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Head Trauma
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Sex
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COPD are a group of [blank_start]lung[blank_end] diseases, affecting 1.2 million people in Britain.
90% of COPD sufferers are [blank_start]smokers[blank_end] or ex-smokers.
COPD is caused by damage to the [blank_start]cilia[blank_end], leading to [blank_start]mucus[blank_end] build up and inflammation.
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lung
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smokers
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heavy drinkers
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cilia
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mucus
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saliva
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brain
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Symptoms of COPD include, coughing [blank_start]phlegm[blank_end], wheezing, tightening in the chest and tiredness.
Risk factors include inhaling [blank_start]pollutants[blank_end], second-hand smoke and [blank_start]organic cooking oils[blank_end].
Antibiotics can be used to treat COPD but [blank_start]steroids[blank_end] and even oxygen masks are also sometimes issued.
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phlegm
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saliva
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bile
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pollutants
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carbon dioxide
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nitrogen
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organic cooking oils
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carbohydrates
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cholesterol
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steroids
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antigens
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vitamins
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Anaemia happens when [blank_start]red blood cells[blank_end] are destroyed. Symptoms include fatigue, chest pain and paleness.
To treat anaemia, [blank_start]iron[blank_end] and vitamins need to be reintroduced into the diet.
[blank_start]Sickle[blank_end]-Cell anaemia, however, is genetic and requires [blank_start]blood transfusions[blank_end] to treat.
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Sickle
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Blood transfusions
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Red blood cells
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White blood cells
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Iron
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Fibre
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Oxygen
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Rickets are a bone disease caused by a [blank_start]Vitamin D[blank_end] deficiency.
They affect mainly [blank_start]children[blank_end] and lead to many bone problems.
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Vitamin D
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Vitamin C
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Vitamin B12
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Iron
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children
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the elderly
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smokers
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alcoholics
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[blank_start]Cardiovascular[blank_end] diseases affect the blood and the heart.
They are causes by a substance called [blank_start]plaque[blank_end] blocking arteries.
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Match the Cardiovascular Disease medicines to their effects:
[blank_start]Antihypertensitives[blank_end]: Lower blood pressure, which stops damage to blood vessels.
[blank_start]Diuretics[blank_end]: Increase fluid output of the body to help someone lose weight.
[blank_start]Statins[blank_end]: Reduce fatty deposits and cholesterol in the blood vessels.
[blank_start]Beta Blockers[blank_end]: Reduce heart rates.
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Antihypertensitives
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Diuretics
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Statins
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Beta Blockers
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Alpha Blockers
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Stents
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ACHE inhibitors
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Another medicine that helps with Cardiovascular Disease is the [blank_start]ACE-Inhibitor[blank_end]. These prevent the constriction of blood vessels (a process known as [blank_start]Vasoconstriction[blank_end]) by preventing [blank_start]Angiotensin 1[blank_end] from being turned into [blank_start]Angiotensin 2[blank_end].
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Vasoconstriction
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ACE-Inhibitor
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ACHE-Inhibitors
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Angiotensin 1
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Angiotensin 3
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Angiotensin 2
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Vassection
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Warfarin is an antihypertensive drug that stops the blood from clotting.
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Surgery can also be used to help with Cardiovascular diseases.
[blank_start]Stents[blank_end] are tube or balloon like structures made of wire mesh that keep arteries open.
[blank_start]Coronary Bypass[blank_end] Surgery involves extracting a healthy blood vessel from one part of the body and replacing an unhealthy blood vessel with it.
As a last resort, a heart transplant can be performed.
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Cirrhosis, a disease of the [blank_start]liver[blank_end], is caused by heavy [blank_start]alcohol[blank_end] consumption.
It can also be caused by [blank_start]Hepatitis[blank_end].
A symptom of Cirrhosis is differently coloured bodily fluids, and it is the 5th largest killer in the UK.
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liver
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alcohol
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fat
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nicotine
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hepatitis
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cancer
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influenza
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Diabetes comes in two types:
Type 1: Chronic, The body can't produce enough insulin.
Type 2: Developed later in life, The body can't utilize insulin correctly.
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What is the role of insulin in the body?
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It controls how the body stores and uses sugars from carbohydrates.
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It controls how the body stores and uses fibre
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It keeps the cell membrane together
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It controls the release of bile in the liver.
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Kwashiorkor is a disease caused by a lack of [blank_start]protein[blank_end] in the diet.
Scurvy is a disease caused by a lack of [blank_start]Vitamin C[blank_end] in the diet.
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Vitamin C
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Protein
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Fibre
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Cholesterol
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Vitamin B12
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Vitamin D