14854121
Beschreibung
Quiz von Annelise Salmela, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Annelise Salmela
vor mehr als 6 Jahre
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Frage 1
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Electrolytes are always balanced [blank_start]positive charge[blank_end] to [blank_start]negative charge[blank_end].
Antworten
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positive charge
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negative charge
Frage 2
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Clinical signs of hypernatremia are...
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Skin Flushed
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Agitation
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Low grade fever
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Thirst
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Bloating
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Edema
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Salt crystals on skin
Frage 3
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The most serious complications related to hypernatremia are...
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seizures and coma
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heart and renal failure
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dehydration
Frage 4
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Treatment for hypernatremia caused by low fluid volume includes
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oral fluid replacement
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isotonic IV fluids
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hypotonic IV fluids
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hypertonic IV fluids
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sodium-free IV fluids
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diuretics
Frage 5
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Treatment for hypernatremia caused by excess sodium includes...
Antworten
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sodium-free IV fluids
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diuretics
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oral fluid replacement
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hypotonic IV fluids
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hypertonic IV fluids
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isotonic IV fluids
Frage 6
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In intracellular fluid (ICF), the primary cation is [blank_start]potassium (K+)[blank_end] and the primary anion is [blank_start]phosphate (PO4-3)[blank_end]. In extracellular fluid (ECF), the primary cation is [blank_start]sodium (Na+)[blank_end] and the primary anion is [blank_start]chloride (Cl-)[blank_end].
Antworten
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potassium (K+)
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phosphate (PO4-3)
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sodium (Na+)
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chloride (Cl-)
Frage 7
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What are nursing diagnoses for hypernatremia?
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risk for injury
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risk for fluid volume deficit
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risk for electrolyte imbalance
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risk for fluid volume overload
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risk for electrolyte overload
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risk for impaired fluid intake
Frage 8
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Causes of hyponatremia are...
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loss of sodium-containing fluids
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excess water intake
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potassium overload
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cardiac or neurological issues
Frage 9
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Fluid overload r/t hyponatremia (>110 mEq) is treated with
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Isotonic normal saline (NS)
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high sodium foods
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oral sodium supplements
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hypertonic saline (3% NaCL)
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decreased fluid intake
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increased fluid intake
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D5W
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Lactaid Ringer's
Frage 10
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Severe hyponatremia (<110mEq sodium) is treated with
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hypertonic saline (3% NaCL)
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isotonic normal saline (NS)
Frage 11
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M.H. a 62 y/o female, was admitted with confusion and lethargy related to hyponatremia. Her husband tells you that MH. had c/o diarrhea over the past week and was drinking lots of water to prevent dehydration. What caused M.H.'s serum sodium level to fall?
Antworten
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hyponatremia
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hypervolemia
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diarrhea
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hypernatremia
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hypovolemia
Frage 12
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Normal plasma potassium ranges between...
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3.5-5.0 mEq/L
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3.0-5.0 mEq/L
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3.5-5.5 mEq/L
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3.0-5.5 mEq/L
Frage 13
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Functions of potassium include
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regulating protein synthesis
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glucose use and storage
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maintaining action potential in excitable membranes
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regulating insulin
Frage 14
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Sources of potassium include...
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potatoes
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bananas
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oranges
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salt substitutes
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stored blood
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normal saline
Frage 15
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Potassium is regulated by the GI tract
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 16
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50% of all hypokalemia cases are caused by dietary insufficiency
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- True
- False
Frage 17
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Metabolic alkalosis and magnesium deficiency can cause hypokalemia.
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- True
- False
Frage 18
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The usual dose of potassium is 20-60 mEq every 12 hours
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- True
- False
Frage 19
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Clinical manifestations of hypokalemia include
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cardiac dysrthythmias
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weak legs
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difficulty breathing
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decreased GI motility
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impaired regulation of arteriolar blood flow
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hyperglycemia
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hypoglycemia
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pleural effusion
Frage 20
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A [blank_start]tele box[blank_end] is used to continuously monitor cardiac rhythm in patients with hyperkalmeia.
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tele box
Frage 21
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Overdosing on Lasix can cause hyperkalemia
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- True
- False
Frage 22
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Intravenous potassium can be administered via IV push.
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- True
- False
Frage 23
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Nephrolithiasis is a fancy word for [blank_start]kidney stones[blank_end].
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kidney stones
Frage 24
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Clinical manifestations of hyperkalemia include...
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cramping leg pain
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weak or paralyzed skeletal muscles
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abdominal cramping or diarrhea
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cardiac dysrhythmias
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2+ pitting edema
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confusion
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low grade fever
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dry-flushed skin
Frage 25
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Elimination of excess potassium is achieved by
Antworten
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diuretics
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dialysis
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Kayexalate
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Syrup of Ipecac
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increasing physical activity
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cardiac medications
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fluid restrictions
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intravenous calcium gluconate
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insulin
Frage 26
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The relationship between calcium and phosphorous is best described as
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a teeter-totter
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two peas in a pod
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a swingset
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it's complicated
Frage 27
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Two thirds of hypercalcemia cases are caused by osteoporosis
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 28
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Treatment of hypercalcemia includes...
Antworten
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loop diuretic
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isotonic saline
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3% NaCL IV
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immobilization
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physical activity
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synthetic calcitonin
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biphosphonates
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increasing intake of dairy products
Frage 29
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Decreased PTH, acute pancreatitis, multiple blood transfusions, and alkalosis can cause
Antworten
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hypocalcemia
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hypercalcemia
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hyperglycemia
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hyperkalemia
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