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1. A service is the tangible component of an offering
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2. Line depth refers to whether the product line is broad or narrow
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3. The entire assortment of products that a firm offers is called the product line.
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4. Price entails how much money a customer gives up to obtain an offering
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5. The total amount someone pays to own, use, and eventually dispose of a product is the TCO
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6. Most offerings are either a product or a service.
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1. Offerings are _____.
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a. products and services designed to deliver value to customers
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b. services designed to satisfy customer needs
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c. products designed to satisfy customer wants
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d. products and services designed to deliver value to a firm
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e. products and services designed to add value to the firms marketing mix
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2. A(n) _____ is a characteristic of an offering.
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a. tangible good
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b. feature
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c. intangible value
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d. price point
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e. need
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3. When a feature satisfies a need or want, then there is a(n) _____.
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a. added value
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b. high quality level
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c. benefit
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e. value
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4. A product-dominant approach to marketing is based on the belief that
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a. enjoyment of a product and its disposal are important in understand consumer needs
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b. marketers should consider what services it takes for the customer to acquire their offerings
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c. sales personnel and marketing can drive consumerism
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d. the best way to capture market share is to create and manufacture better products at lower prices.
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e. marketers should assess the value customers place on products in their daily lives.
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5. A group of related offerings is known as a _____.
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a. technology platform
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b. product mix
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c. service mix
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d. product category
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e. product line
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6. The four offering levels include all of the following EXCEPT
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7. A group of offerings that are sold under the same name is known as a _____.
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a. technology platform
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b. product mix
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c. service mix
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d. product category
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e. product line
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8. A number of variations in a single product line is known as _____.
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a. line depth
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b. a product mix
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c. line breadth
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d. a product category
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e. a product line
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9. The number of different or distinct product lines offered by a company is known as _____.
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a. line depth
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b. a product mix
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c. line breadth
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d. a product category
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e. a product line
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1. Offerings are products and services designed to deliver _____ to customers
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: tangible
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: features
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line breadth
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: value
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2. A product is a(n) _____ that can be bought, sold, and owned.
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: features
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: value
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: tangible
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line breadth
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3. The characteristics of an offering are known as the _____.
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: features
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: value
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breadth
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5. A product-orientation is an approach to business that focuses on capturing business by focusing on _____ and _____ better products at lower prices.
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1. A frequently purchased product that requires little shopping effort is known as an impulse offering.
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2. A consumer opts not to buy Brand B of potato chips when the grocery store is out of Brand A because it is a shopping offering in the eyes of the consumer.
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3. Milk, fuel, bread, and other examples of life’s necessities are specialty offerings
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4. The fact that many consumers would not consider shopping for a taillight until it is in need of repair is an example of an unsought offering.
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5. Marketers use intensive distribution strategies to ensure consumers see convenience offerings at the right time.
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6. The categories in which consumer offerings are placed are based on the characteristic of the offerings themselves.
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1. Marketing of _____ items is often limited to simply trying to get the product in as many places as possible where a purchase could occur.
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a. convenience offerings
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b. shopping offerings
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c. specialty offerings
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d. unsought offerings
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2. Consumers often care about brand names when they’re deciding on _____.
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a. convenience offerings
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b. shopping offerings
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c. specialty offerings
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e. product offerings
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3. _____ are specialty items that are available only through limited channels.
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a. Convenience offerings
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d. Unsought offerings
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c. Specialty offerings
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b. Shopping offerings
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4. Marketing _____ requires building brand name recognition in the minds of consumers and educating them about your product’s key differences.
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a. convenience offerings
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b. shopping offerings
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c. specialty offerings
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d. unsought offerings
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e. product offerings
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5. _____ are those that buyers do not generally want to have to shop for until they need them.
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a. Convenience offerings
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b. Shopping offerings
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c. Specialty offerings
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d. Unsought offerings
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e. Product offerings
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1. A convenience offering is a(n) _____-priced product or service.
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2. A(n) _____ offering is purchased without prior planning.
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impulse
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unsought
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specialty
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3. An unsought offering is one that a customer typically does not shop for until _____.
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4. A crown on a tooth can be considered a(n) _____ offering
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unsought
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specialty
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impulse
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5. _____ are products and services consumers generally don’t want to put much effort into shopping for because they see little difference between competing brands.
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convenience offerings
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specialty offerings
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unsought offerings
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1. A company that assembles and manufactures a product into its final form is known as an OFM.
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1. A company that assembles and manufactures a product into its final form is known as an OEM.
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2. Manufacturing, repair, and operations offerings are those that keep a company’s depreciable assets in working order.
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3. Facilitating offerings are products and services a company purchases to support its operations but are not part of the firm’s final product.
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4. A manufactured material has been processed into a finished good and is a stand-alone product
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5. Because most businesses buy MRO items in large quantities and because these firms also need products not available to the general public, they will generally buy these products from a distributor.
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1. Banking and transportation services are types of _____.
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a. original equipment manufacturing offerings
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b. capital equipment offerings
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c. facilitating offerings
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d. raw materials offerings
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e. maintenance, repair, operations offerings
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2. Marketing _____ can be very challenging because many people within a firm are involved in the buying decision for these types of products.
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a. original equipment manufacturing offerings
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b. capital equipment offerings
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c. facilitating offerings
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d. raw materials offerings
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e. maintenance, repair, operations offerings
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3. _____ are typically thought of as commodities, so price and availability are very important in relation to the competition.
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a. Original equipment manufacturing offerings
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b. Capital equipment offerings
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c. Facilitating offerings
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d. Raw materials offerings
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e. Maintenance, repair, operations offerings
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4. _____ consist of final products that have been put together from raw materials, manufactured materials, and/or component parts.
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a. Original equipment manufacturing offerings
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b. Capital equipment offerings
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c. Facilitating offerings
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d. Raw materials offerings
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e. Maintenance, repair, operations offerings
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5. _____ are often sold by distributors but a consumer can also buy many of the same products at a retail store.
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a. Original equipment manufacturing offerings
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b. Capital equipment offerings
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c. Facilitating offerings
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d. Raw materials offerings
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e. Maintenance, repair, operations offerings
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6. _____ might not be central to the buyer’s business, but the offerings are very important to a person making the buying decision.
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a. Original equipment manufacturing offerings
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b. Capital equipment offerings
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c. Facilitating offerings
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d. Raw materials offerings
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7. A _____ is a finished good that still has to be incorporated into something else to be usable
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a. manufactured material
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b. finalized material
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c. component piece
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d. dynamic product
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1. Capital equipment offerings include tangible equipment business purchases that are _____.
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specialized
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depreciated
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facilitated
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2. A(n) _____ has been processed into a finished good but is not a stand-alone product
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raw product
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manufactured material
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3. _____ support an organization’s ability to do business but do not go into the final product
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Facilitating offerings
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manufacturing offerings
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OEM offerings
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4. _____ are processed only to the point required for economic handling and distribution.
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raw materials
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manufactured material
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OEM components
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5. OEM offerings include products, or parts, sold by one manufacturer to another that get built into a final product without _____.
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further modification
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maintenance
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1. A brand extension involves the creation of a brand and then positioning it in the mind of the consumer.
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2. An example of a brand mark is Coca-Cola
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3. A brand is used by a seller to differentiate its offerings from that of the competitors.
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4. Ideally when you sell a new product, you hope that all of its sales come from your competitor’s customer base or customers new to the market.
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5. Both a completely new offering and a line extension will likely result in cannibalization
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6. Packaging can be part of the brand
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7. Secondary packaging holds a single retail unit of a product
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8. Packaging can add value to your product
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1. A symbol or logo used to identify a brand is known as a _____.
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a. brand mark
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b. brand
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c. brand name
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d. brand extension
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e. brand package
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2. A brand is _____.
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a. simply a label
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b. a name, picture, design, or symbol used by a seller to differentiate their offerings
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c. a picture that is similar to another company’s design
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d. a slogan that conveys the firm’s image
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e. an advertising campaign
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3. A successful branding strategy
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a. creates revenue for the company
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b. invokes negative advertising campaigns from competitors
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c. creates consumer recognition of what the brand means
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d. results in a company being considered “cool.”
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e. segments customers based on their needs.
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4. Pepsi is an example of a(n) _____.
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a. brand strategy
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b. brand mark
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c. brand statement
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d. brand name
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5. _____ occurs when a firm’s new offering eats into the sales of one of its older offerings.
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a. Brand extension
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b. Brand strategy
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c. Saturation
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d. Product failure
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e. Cannibalization
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1. A brand is used by a seller to _____ its offerings from competitors’ offerings.
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compare
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communicate
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differentiate
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2. A brand name is the _____ part of an identity used to describe the brand.
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spoken
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recognized
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written
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3. A brand mark is a(n) _____ or _____ used to identify a brand.
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symbol; logo
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word; phrase
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4. _____ packaging is designed to hold a single wholesale unit of a product
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secondary
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primary
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tertiary
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5. Primary packaging is designed to hold a single _____ unit of a product
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6. A brand extension entails the process of utilizing an existing brand name or brand mark for a(n)
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new product category
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new retail outlet
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7. _____ is designed for the shipping and handling of large quantities of product.
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tertiary
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primary
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secondary
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1. Vertical market managers are found only in B2B markets.
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2. Market managers have the most flexibility in terms of pricing and product decisions.
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3. Market managers are likely to be tasked with implementing a product or brand manager’s strategy.
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4. At the retail level, a category manager at each store is responsible for one manufacturer’s products.
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5. Product managers are found at companies like Procter & Gamble, SC Johnson, and Kraft.
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1. Which type of manager has the most marketing responsibility?
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2. Market managers can be found in which types of markets?
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3. _____ are found at Xerox, IBM, and Rockwell International; while _____ are found at Microsoft, General Mills, and Target.
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a. Brand managers; market managers
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b. Brand managers; product managers
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c. Product managers; brand managers
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d. Product managers; market managers
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4. A _____ is responsible for a broad group of offerings, such as home cleaning products, which have various brands within each group.
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5. A _____ is the person responsible for all business decisions regarding offerings within one brand
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a. product manager
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b. brand manager
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c. market manager
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d. category manager
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1. A(n) ______ is a person responsible for all business decisions regarding offerings within one brand.
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brand manager
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category manager
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product manager
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2. A product manager is responsible for a(n) _____ or _____.
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product; product line
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brand; brand name
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3. Vertical marketing managers oversee _____ products sold to a particular industry
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4. Market managers have _____ over the communication content of marketing campaigns or market strategies.
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no control
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complete control
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some control
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5. A(n) _____ has responsibility for business decisions within a broad grouping of offerings
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category manager
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brand manager
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product manager
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A market can be defined as
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_________ Decide what products are to be marketed and how
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market managers
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brand managers
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1. The size of a company will affect how the different stages of their new product development process are conducted.
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2. In B2B markets, customers are typically a large source of new product ideas
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3. New product ideas typically move down the supply chain
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4. Idea generation is typically the most expensive step in the process of developing new offerings
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6. Focus groups are conducted during the testing stage of the new offerings development process.
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7. Depth interviews involve gathering eight to twelve consumers and gauging their reaction to a product/service concept.
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8. The purpose of concept testing is to get early consumer feedback before investing too much money in an offering that won’t work.
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9. Financial feasibility is the degree to which the company can actually make and service the product.
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10. The risk that there is a better idea that gets ignored because the firm has invested in the idea at hand is known as opportunity risk.
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11. Quality function deployment is the process whereby a company starts with the innovation and then designs an offering.
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12. Testing is a relatively inexpensive step in the product development process.
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13. A company that makes an offering available to certain markets first and then other markets later is employing a rolling launch strategy.
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14. Milestones utilized by companies to evaluate product performance are typically the same within an industry.
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15. Most companies put new offering ideas through a seven-step process.
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1. Customers who are good at generating new product ideas or applications of products are called _____.
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lead users
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alpha users
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innovators
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trend setters
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2. A line extension occurs when a company comes out with another model based on the same _____ and _____ as one of its other products.
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3. In the idea screening stage, companies evaluate new offerings by determining
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a. if the product cost more during idea generation than expected
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b. the product’s features.
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c. if the product fits with the image and corporate strategy
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4. In what stage of the new product development process does concept testing occur?
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a. launch
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b. idea generation
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c. development
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d. idea screening
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5. To understand if a product offering is financially feasible, companies often consider the customer’s
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a. potential interest in the product.
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b. demographics, including income
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c. value segmentation
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d. price point
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e. personal value equation
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6. _____ refers to the possibility that the company will fail to earn the appropriate return on the money and effort it puts into the new product.
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a. Investment risk
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b. Financial risk
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c. Opportunity risk
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d. Innovation risk
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7. Quality function deployment is a process utilized in which step of the product development process?
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a. launch
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b. feature specification
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c. development
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8. The feature specifications process begins with a strong understanding of
Antworten
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a. what risks are involved
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b. what opportunity costs are entailed
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c. what consumers want and need
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9. A firm considers the product’s manufacturing process during which stage of the product development process?
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a. launch
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b. feature specification
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c. development
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10. In terms of a manufactured offering, using the same technology platform as another product can be
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11. _____ ensures that a product meets its specifications in a variety of environments determined by the company.
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a. Concept testing
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b. Product testing
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c. Alpha testing
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12. _____ not only tests whether the offering works as advertised, but it also tests the offering’s delivery mechanisms, service processes, and other aspects of marketing the product.
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Concept testing
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Alpha testing
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Beta testing