Pleural Diseases- Surgical Diseases 4th Year- PMU

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Pleural fluid is characterized as a transudate or an exudate. How do we differentiate between the two?

Which of these chemistry markers are included in light’s criteria?

Which of these conditions is not a cause of exudative effusions?

Which of these conditions can cause malignant pleural effusion?

What is the definition of a “trapped” lung?

Why do we perform talk pleurodesis in patients with malignant pleural effusions?

Which of these conditions can mot cause pleural empyema?

How do we treat patients with organizing/late stage empyema?

A 37-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital with symptoms of general malaise, fever, weight loss, cough and dyspnea for the past two weeks. On the plain x-ray there is evidence of massive pleural effusion. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A 20-year-old man comes to the emergency department with symptoms of sudden sharp pain in his right hemithorax and dyspnea. He does not report for any trauma. Findings from the physical examination - reduced breath sounds on the right side. Before performing any imaging tests what is the most probable diagnosis?

Patients with spontaneous pneumothorax are usually

Which of these conditions can cause primary spontaneous pneumothorax?

What is the treatment of initial subtotal spontaneous pneumothorax?

What is the treatment of recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax on the same side?

Malignant pleural mesothelioma is commonly associated with

What is the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma?