18280936
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Quiz von Med Student , aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Med Student
vor etwa 5 Jahre
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Frage 1
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If you want Flashcards go to
https://quizlet.com/_6qwiqw
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 2
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Portal hypertension is defined by a portal pressure higher than
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5 mm Hg
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10 mm Hg
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15 mm Hg
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20 mm Hg
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25 mm Hg
Frage 3
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Which collateral network is clinically the most important when we discuss development of portosystemic collateralization due to portal hypertension?
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the recanalized umbilical vein from the left portal vein to the epigastric venous system (caput medusae)
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retroperitoneal collateral vessels
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collateral network through the coronary and short gastric veins to the azygos vein
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the hemorrhoidal venous plexus
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the anatomic and physiologic (e.g. capillarization of hepatic sinusoids) intrahepatic shunts
Frage 4
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Which of these conditions accounts for approximately 50% of cases of portal hypertension in children?
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Portal vein thrombosis
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Schistosomiasis
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Alcoholic cirrhosis
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Budd-Chiari syndrome
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Constrictive pericarditis
Frage 5
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Alcohol cirrhosis, the most common cause of portal hypertension, usually causes increased resistance to portal flow at
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the presinusoidal and sinusoidal levels
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the sinusoidal and postsinusoidal levels
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only the presinusoidal level
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only the postsinusoidal level
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all three levels
Frage 6
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Which of these conditions can cause posthepatic portal hypertension?
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portal vein thrombosis
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alcoholic cirrhosis
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schistosomiasis
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heart failure
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none of the above
Frage 7
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What is the most serious and life-threatening complication of portal hypertension?
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ascites
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hepatic encephalopathy
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gastrointestinal bleeding
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thrombocytopenia
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anemia
Frage 8
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A patient with liver cirrhosis and diagnosed esophageal varices is admitted to the hospital with low haemoglobin level and hematemesis. You already ensured adequate access (two large-bore intravenous lines), fluid infusion, type and crossmatch of blood, and judicious blood and products transfusion. How do you proceed?
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prepare the patient for operation - total or selective shunt
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prepare the patient for liver transplantation
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prepare the patient for TIPS (transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt)
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prepare the patient for endoscopic treatment (e.q., sclerosis or ligation)
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perform a balloon tamponade with Sengstaken-Blakemore tube
Frage 9
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Which is the most frequent complication in patients with portal hypertension who underwent non-selective shunt operation?
Antworten
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leukopenia
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thrombocytopenia
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ascites
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rebleeding from esophageal varices
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postoperative encephalopathy
Frage 10
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Which is the most frequently used selective shunt?
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left gastric-venacaval shunt
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the distal splenorenal shunt
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the end-to-side portacaval shunt
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side-to-side portacaval shunt
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none of the above
Frage 11
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In addition to endoscopic treatment in cases of bleeding from esophageal varices we can add pharmacotherapy for better results. What medications do we use?
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somatostatin
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vasopressin
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antibiotics
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beta-blockers
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all of the above
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