1929921
Frage 1
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WHAT ARE THE THREE STAGES OF THE EARLY VIEWS OF LIFE?
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BY THE BIBLE, CREATIN ON A SUNDAY 23 OF OCTOBER OF 4004 B.C. FIXITY OF SPECIES(CHRISTIANITY) HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES (LINNAEUS)
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HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES (LINNAEUS) BIOLOGICAL CHANGE OVER TIME (LAMARCK AND OTHERS) THE EARTH IS YOUNG (LYELL)
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STATIC (CHRISTIANITY, CHAIN OF LIFE) EARTH IS YOUNG (USSHER) SPONTANEOUS GENERATION (ARISTOTLE)
Frage 2
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Who is the character that first suggested that the earth is young?
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Archbishop James-Ussher
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Carolus Llnnaeus
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Georges Louis-Leclerc
Frage 3
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Carolus Linnaeus was the naturalist that introduced an hierarchical classification of living things on his book "Sistema Naturae" ?
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 4
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Who proposed on his book that humans were part of the animal kingdom?
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Comte de Buffon , Georges Louis-Leclerc
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Carolus Linnaeus
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Francesco Redi
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Georges Cuvier
Frage 5
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Who used the study of fossils as a fact for extinction?
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Georges Cuvier
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Georges Louis-Leclerc
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Francesco Redi
Frage 6
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In addition to their benefits, deep beaks have disadvantages. In non-drought conditions, finches with deep beaks require more food and are less likely to survive the juvenile period than finches with shallow beaks. After the drought subsided on Daphne Major, what pattern would you expect to occur in the beak depths of the next generation?
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It decreased to shallow size
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It increased to an even deeper size
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It decreased to average size
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It stayed the same
Frage 7
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Although some behavior or morphology benefits the individual, it also increases competition between members of a group or population. It is important to remember that when selection for a behavior or morphology begins, all members of a group or population cannot benefit at the same time!...?
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- True
- False
Frage 8
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Organisms are well suited to their environmental circumstances.
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- True
- False
Frage 9
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The evolution of complex adaptations does not requires all of the intermediate steps to be favored by selection.
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- True
- False
Frage 10
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What is the word that scientists use to describe an organism's size, shape, and composition, in light of natural selection pressures?
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Morphology
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Species
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Character
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Behaviour
Frage 11
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Adaptations __________ an organism's ability to survive and _________ in a given environment.
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increase
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decrease
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reproduce
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live happily ever after
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accelerate
Frage 12
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Are populations made up of individuals that are exactly alike?
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- True
- False
Frage 13
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Do all environments have an infinite ability to support increasing populations?
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- True
- False
Frage 14
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If it can survive in a given environment, an organism is evolutionarily successful
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- True
- False
Frage 15
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Do organisms need to compete with other members of their population for resources
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- True
- False
Frage 16
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Are advantageous traits pass from parents to offspring
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- True
- False
Frage 17
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MAJOR EVOLUTIONARY CHANGE HAPPENS SLOWLY
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WIDELY ACCEPTED BEFORE DARWIN
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UNIQUE CONTRIBUTION BY CHARLES DARWIN
Frage 18
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ORGANISM CAN PASS CHANGES ON TO THEIR OFFSPRING
Antworten
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WIDELY ACCEPTED BEFORE DARWIN
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UNIQUE CONTRIBUTION BY CHARLES DARWIN
Frage 19
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ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURES CAUSE ORGANISM TO CHANGE
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WIDELY ACCEPTED BEFORE DARWIN
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UNIQUE CONTRIBUTION BY CHARLES DARWIN
Frage 20
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SMALL EVOLUTIONARY CHANGES ACCUMULATE TO MAKE LARGE ONES
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WIDELY ACCEPTED BEFORE DARWIN
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UNIQUE CONTRIBUTION BY CHARLES DARWIN
Frage 21
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VARIATION IS WHAT ALLOWS ORGANISMS TO CHANGE OVER TIME
Antworten
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WIDELY ACCEPTED BEFORE DARWIN
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UNIQUE CONTRIBUTION BY CHARLES DARWIN
Frage 22
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CHARLES DARWIN WAS THE FIRST PERSON TO UNDERSTAND HOW VARIATION IS MAINTAINED THROUGH GENETICS
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 23
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What is the term that demographers use for the ability to produce offspring?
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REPRODUCTION
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FECUNDITY
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FERTILIZATION
Frage 24
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CHARLES DARWIN CAME UP WITH HIS POSTULATE DURING THE _____ CENTURY
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17
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18
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19
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16
Frage 25
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Darwin believed that a _________ is a population of varied individuals that may or may not change through time.
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FINCHES
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SPECIES
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ANIMALIA
Frage 26
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What kind of beak depth will the offspring of parents with deep beak depth have?
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an avg of 2 parents
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deep
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medium
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shallow
Frage 27
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What state does a population reach when the selective advantage of an adaptive trait no longer changes?
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stabilizing
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equilibrium
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final state
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medium state
Frage 28
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In Darwin's day, most people believed that the characteristics of offspring are an average of their parent's characteristics. This concept is called __________ inheritance.
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blending
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shared
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pass on
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inherited
Frage 29
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The ship that Darwin took his voyage on was called the HMS __________.
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Begil
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Beagle
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Bouagle
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Rocks
Frage 30
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Spontaneous generation is an idea firstly developed by
Antworten
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Pluto
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Aristotle
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Archimedes
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Io
Frage 31
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Earth and humans are not the center
of universe
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Copernicus & Francesco Redi
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Francesco Redi & Carolus Linnaeun
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Aristotle & Copernicus
Frage 32
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Who wrote systema naturae
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Georges Louis-Leclerc
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Jean Baptiste Lamarck
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Carolus Linnaeus
Frage 33
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Scientific revolution
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Earth and humans are not the center
of universe (Copernicus, Redi)
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Hierarchical classification of species (Linnaeus)
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Geography and climate affect species distributions (Buffon)
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Sudden environmental changes lead to extinction (Cuvier)
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 34
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Darwin’s primary influences
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Lyell: The Earth is ancient––old enough for significant changes to
have taken place
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Lamarck (and others): biological change over time
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Malthus: overproduction and competition over limited resources
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His own experiences as a naturalist
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 35
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Meaning of adaptations?
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traits shaped by natural selection for a current function in the organism environment
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traits that confer advantages in survival and reproduction are retained in the population, and the disadvantageous disappear
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a trait or attribute of the phenotype of an organism
Frage 36
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What is natural selection?
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biological capacity to reproduce
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organism size, shape and composition; form and structure of organism
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traits that confer advantages in survival and reproduction are retained in the population, and the disadvantageous disappear
Frage 37
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Morphology: phenotypic variation in which there is a continuum of types
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 38
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Trait; a characteristic of an organism...?
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 39
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When there is a steady state in which the composition of a population does not changes (not change in traits) ; it is said that the population is on?
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Stabilizing selection
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Equilibrium
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Continuous variation
Frage 40
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A trait or attribute of the phenotype of an organism is said to be its?
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Characters
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convergence
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Phenotype
Frage 41
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Selection pressures that favor average phenotypes reduces the amount of variation in the population, does not alter the mean value is said to be?
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convergence
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stabilizing selection
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fecundity
Frage 42
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The biological capacity to reproduce is known as?
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Fecundity
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Blending inheritance
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Genotype
Frage 43
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What is a species?
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a group of organisms classified together at the lowest level of the taxonomic hierarchy
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phenotypic variations in which there is a continuum of types
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the observable characteristics of organisms
Frage 44
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Convergence; evolution of similar adaptations in unrelated species ...?
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 45
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Placental mammals
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mammal that gives birth to live young that developed for a period of time in the uterus, and were nourished by blood delivered to a placenta
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mammal that gives birth to live young that continue their development in a pouch equipped with mammary glands
Frage 46
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Marsupials
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mammal that gives birth to live young that continue their development in a pouch equipped with mammary glands
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position on a chromosome that is occupied by a particular gene
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the observable characteristics of organisms
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phenotypic variation in which there is a continuum of types
Frage 47
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Continuous variation vs Discontinuous variation (more than one answer could be correct)
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Continuous variation; phenotypic variation in which there is a continuum of types
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Discontinuous variation;phenotypic variation in which there is a discrete number of phenotypes with no intermediate types
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Discontinuous variation;phenotypic variation in which there is not a discrete number of phenotypes with intermediate types
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Continuous variation; phenotypic variation in which there is not a continuum of types, and there are intermediate types
Frage 48
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Genotype & Phenotype (more than answer could be correct)
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a trait attribute of the form and structure of an organisms
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position on a chromosome that is occupied by a particular gene
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the observable characteristics of organisms
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combination of alleles that characterizes an individual at some set of genetic loci
Frage 49
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Locus
(loci)? position in a chromosome that is occupied by a particular gene
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 50
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Archbishop James Ussher analyzed Genesis and estimated that the Earth began ______(day name),________(month)____(day date #) of 4_ _ _ B.C.
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Monday
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Friday
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Saturday
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Sunday
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Sptember
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October
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21st
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23rd
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_008 B.C.
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_004 B.C.
Frage 51
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Genotypic frequency
Antworten
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taxonomic category below family and above species
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fraction of individuals in a population that have a particular genotype
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to attach a spear point, ax head, or similar implement to a handle
Frage 52
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When no other forces (such as natural selection) are operating, genotypic frequencies reach stable proportions in just one generation. These proportions are called the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 53
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After how many generations will the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium be reached if no other processes act to change the genotypic frequencies
Antworten
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2 generations
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1 generation
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3 generations
Frage 54
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Which two of the following can change the distribution of genotypes?
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sexual reproduction
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selected mating
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random mating
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abstinence
Frage 55
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Which of the following can lead to evolution in the long run, or change in the frequency of alleles?
Antworten
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sexual reproduction
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random mating
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natural selection
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all of the above
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none of the above
Frage 56
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THE UNIFYING THEORY FOR BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY IS:
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NATURAL SELECTION
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INHERITANCE OF ACQUIRED CHARACTERISTICS
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SOCIAL DARWINISM
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EVOLUTION
Frage 57
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PROTEINS:
Antworten
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ARE COMPRISED OF DNA STRANDS
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ARE COMPRISE OF AMINO ACIDS
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ARE COMPRISE OF ENZYMES
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ARE COMPRISE OF RNA STRANDS
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ARE COMPRISE OF PHOTOSPHATES
Frage 58
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WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ALLELE COMBINATIONS INDICATES A RECESSIVE HOMOZYGOUS PEA PLANT WITH GREEN SEEDS?
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AA
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Aa
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aa
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AB
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aA
Frage 59
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IF AN "AA" INDIVIDUAL (GENOTYPE) CROSSES WITH A "aa" INDIVUAL, WHAT IS THE PROBABILITY THAT ANY PARTICULAR OFFSRPING WILL HAVE GENOTYPE Aa?
Antworten
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0%
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50%
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75%
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100%
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25%
Frage 60
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THE ENVIRONMENT RECENTLY CHANGED SO THAT MOST INDIVIDUALS IN A POPULATION ARE NOT WELL ADAPTED TO THE ENVIRONMENT. THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF:
Antworten
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A LOCAL OPTIMUM
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DISEQUILIBRIUM
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ENVIRONMENTAL DRIFT
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GENETIC DRIFT
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DIRECTIONAL SELECTION
Frage 61
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A SCIENTIST STUDYING FINCHES COLLECTS DEAD BIRDS AND FINDS THAT MOST WHO DIED HAD VERY LARGE OR VERY SMALL BEAKS. THIS IS MOST LIKELY AN EXAMPLE OF:
Antworten
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DIRECTIONAL SELECTION
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STABILIZING SELECTION
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DISRUPTIVE SELECTION
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A AND C
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NONE OF THE ABOVE
Frage 62
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AN EXAMPLE OF MACROEVOLUTION IS:
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THE FORMATION OF DIFFERENT SPECIES OF FINCHES ON DIFFERENT ISLANDS IN THE GALAPAGOS
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A FINCH WITH A DEEP BEAK ALSO DEVELOPS A WIDE BEAK
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CHANGES IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF BEAK SIZE IN A FINCH POPULATION DURING A DROUGHT
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A FINCH TURNING INTO A MOCKINGBIRD
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ALL OF THE ABOVE
Frage 63
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DERIVED TRAITS ARE CHARACTERS:
Antworten
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THAT ONLY EVOLED ONCE IN A TAXON
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THAT CHARACTERIZE THE LAST COMMON ANCESTOR OF A PARTICULAR COLLECTION OF SPECIES
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THAT ARE FOUND IN EVERY DESCENDANT OF AN ANCESTRAL SPECIES
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THAT HAVE EVOVED AFTER THE LAST COMMON ANCESTOR OF A PARTICULAR COLLECTION OF SPECIES
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THAT ARE MORE STRUCTURALLY COMPLEX THAN PRIMITIVE TRAITS
Frage 64
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ACORDING TO THE BIOLOGICAL SPECIES CONCEPT, A SPECIES IS A GROUP OF ORGANISMS THAT:
Antworten
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LIVE IN THE SAME REGION
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CAN INTERBREED AND PRODUCE VIABLE OFFSPRING
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OCCUPY AN ADAPTIVE ZONE DIFFERENT FROM THAT OF ANY OF OTHER LINEAGE
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DIFFER IN APPEARANCE FROM OTHER GROUPS OF ORGANISMS
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NONE OF THE ABOVE
Frage 65
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WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CAN RESULT IN REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION?
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DIFFERENT NUMBERS OF CHROMOSOMES
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DIFFERENT COURTSHIP BEHAVIOR
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DIFFERENT PHYSICAL APPEARANCE
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GEOGRAPHIC SEPARATION
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ALL OF THE ABOVE
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