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Basic Facts
(What - Name - Housing)
Birth - [blank_start]Piglet[blank_end] - [blank_start]Farrowing Area[blank_end]
Weaning - [blank_start]Weaner[blank_end] - [blank_start]Weaner Deck[blank_end]
Transfer - [blank_start]Grower/Finisher[blank_end] - [blank_start]Growing Shed[blank_end]
Slaughter - [blank_start]Baconer/Porker[blank_end] - Growing Shed
Breeding Selection - [blank_start]Gilt[blank_end] - [blank_start]Gilt Ranges[blank_end]
Lactaion - [blank_start]Sow[blank_end] - Farrowing Area
Weaning - Sow - [blank_start]Mating Area[blank_end]
Antworten
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Piglet
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Farrowing Area
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Weaner
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Weaner Deck
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Grower/Finisher
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Growing Shed
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Baconer/Porker
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Gilt
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Gilt Ranges
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Sow
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Mating Area
Frage 2
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Efficiency
Feed to Meat Ratio - [blank_start]How many kg of feed = 1 kg of carcass?[blank_end]
= Total [blank_start]Feed Used / Total Carcass Weight Sold[blank_end]
Feed to Meat Price Ratio - [blank_start]How much profit is made?[blank_end]
= [blank_start]$/kg Carcass / $/kg Feed[blank_end]
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Factors Affecting Profitability
1. [blank_start]Cost of Feed[blank_end]
2. [blank_start]Price Schedule[blank_end]
3. [blank_start]Reproduction Performance[blank_end]
4. [blank_start]Growth Performance[blank_end]
Antworten
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Cost of Feed
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Price Schedule
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Reproduction Performance
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Growth Performance
Frage 4
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Pig Breeds used to produce slaughter generation:
[blank_start]Large White[blank_end]
[blank_start]Landrace[blank_end]
[blank_start]Duroc[blank_end]
[blank_start]Hampshire[blank_end]
[blank_start]Pietrain[blank_end]
Antworten
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Pietrain
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Hampshire
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Duroc
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Landrace
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Large White
Frage 5
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Weekly Events
Farrowing - [blank_start]Weds, Thurs, Fri[blank_end]
Weaning - [blank_start]Thurs[blank_end]
Mating - [blank_start]Mon/Tues/Weds[blank_end]
Abbatoir - [blank_start]Tues[blank_end]
Antworten
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Weds, Thurs, Fri
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Mon, Tues, Weds
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Thurs, Fri, Sat
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Thurs
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Fri
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Weds
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Mon/Tues/Weds
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Weds/Thurs/Fri
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Fri/Sat/Sun
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Tues
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Mon
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Weds
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Sow Reproduction
Puberty @ [blank_start]6 months[blank_end]
Oestrus cycle = [blank_start]21 days[blank_end]
Mated [blank_start]2-3x per year[blank_end]
Gestation = [blank_start]3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days[blank_end]
Lactation = [blank_start]28 days[blank_end]
Weaning to Mating again = [blank_start]7 days[blank_end]
Piglets per litter = [blank_start]10-14[blank_end]
Mortality before weaning = [blank_start]10%[blank_end]
Mortality after weaning = [blank_start]3%[blank_end]
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Boar Reproduction
Effect on [blank_start]oestrus[blank_end] in sows and gilts
Services per week = [blank_start]2-3[blank_end]
Natural mating = [blank_start]1 Boar to 15-20 Sows[blank_end]
Artificial Insemination = [blank_start]1 Boar to 45-60 Sows[blank_end]
Antworten
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oestrus
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2-3
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1 Boar to 15-20 Sows
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1 Boar to 45-60 Sows
Frage 8
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Farrowing Systems
Domestic Sows produce [blank_start]large[blank_end] litters
System Achievements:
Decrease [blank_start]pre-weaning mortality[blank_end]
High [blank_start]levels of hygiene to prevent disease[blank_end]
Easier [blank_start]piglet management[blank_end]
Separation of [blank_start]Sows during lactation[blank_end]
Safe and easy [blank_start]access by staff[blank_end]
Cant be in crate...
[blank_start]>5 days[blank_end] before farrowing
[blank_start]>4 weeks[blank_end] for lactation
[blank_start]Without material that can be manipulated[blank_end]
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Mortality
Adaption Problem: Piglets transitioned from a [blank_start]protected, controlled, intra-uterine[blank_end] environment to [blank_start]unpredictable external environment[blank_end]
Approx. [blank_start]70%[blank_end] of mortality occurs in the first [blank_start]3 days[blank_end]
- [blank_start]Asphyxiation at birth[blank_end]
- must overcome [blank_start]respiratory, immunological, digestive,[blank_end] [blank_start]nutritional and thermoregulatory[blank_end] challenges
[blank_start]12%[blank_end] mortality indoor with crates - [blank_start]18%[blank_end] outdoors
Main causes:
- [blank_start]stillbirth/poor viability[blank_end]
- [blank_start]starvation[blank_end]
- [blank_start]accidental crushing[blank_end]
Piglet deficiencies
- low [blank_start]energy reserves[blank_end]
- immature [blank_start]immune system[blank_end]
- limited [blank_start]ability to conserve heat[blank_end]
Antworten
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protected, controlled, intra-uterine
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unpredictable external environment
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70%
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3 days
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Asphyxiation at birth
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respiratory, immunological, digestive,
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nutritional and thermoregulatory
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12%
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18%
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stillbirth/poor viability
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starvation
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accidental crushing
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energy reserves
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immune system
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ability to conserve heat
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High and Low Viability Survival Characteristics
High:
- [blank_start]heavier @ birth >1kg[blank_end]
- born [blank_start]earlier in litter[blank_end]
- higher [blank_start]rectal temp 1hr post birth[blank_end]
- more frequently [blank_start]attempting to stand and walk[blank_end]
- rapidly [blank_start]find udder and suckle colostrum[blank_end]
Low:
- [blank_start]low birth weight <1kg[blank_end]
- born [blank_start]later in litter[blank_end]
- longer [blank_start]birth interval bt/w piglets[blank_end]
- born [blank_start]weak[blank_end]
- take [blank_start]longer to make udder contact[blank_end]
- born with [blank_start]a damaged/ruptured umbilical cord[blank_end]
Antworten
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heavier @ birth >1kg
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earlier in litter
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low birth weight <1kg
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later in litter
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birth interval bt/w piglets
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rectal temp 1hr post birth
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weak
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longer to make udder contact
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a damaged/ruptured umbilical cord
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attempting to stand and walk
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find udder and suckle colostrum
Frage 11
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Piglet Husbandry Procedures
1. Teeth [blank_start]Reduction[blank_end]
- clipping or grinding [blank_start]@ <5 days old[blank_end]
- removes [blank_start]sharp points on needle teeth[blank_end]
- prevents [blank_start]facial injuries to litter mates[blank_end] and [blank_start]damage to teat and udder[blank_end]
2. Tail [blank_start]Docking[blank_end]
- prevent [blank_start]tail biting (Vice)[blank_end]
- must be [blank_start]performed by vet if 7+ days old[blank_end]
3. Fostering & Equalising [blank_start]litter size[blank_end]
- adjust [blank_start]# piglets suckling[blank_end] to [blank_start]functional teat number[blank_end]
- group [blank_start]even sized piglets together[blank_end]
Antworten
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@ <5 days old
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sharp points on needle teeth
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facial injuries to litter mates
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damage to teat and udder
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tail biting (Vice)
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performed by vet if 7+ days old
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# piglets suckling
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functional teat number
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even sized piglets together
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Reduction
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Docking
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litter size