2630991
Beschreibung
Quiz von Becca Shaw, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Becca Shaw
vor etwa 9 Jahre
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Frage 1
Frage
Rapid overgrowth of cyanobacteria may occur due to
Antworten
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Increased nutrient content
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Lower pH
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Higher temperatures
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A reduction in competition and predation
Frage 2
Frage
Nutrient exhaustion is associated with rapid death and decline, forming scum
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 3
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The existence of cyanobacterial blooms are not related to climate change
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 4
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What are the long-term consequences of cyanobacterial overgrowth?
Antworten
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Increase in climate
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Food web disruption
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Decrease in biodiversity
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Economic losses
Frage 5
Frage
What of the following nutrients are associated with cyanobacterial blooms?
Antworten
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Magnesium
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Iron
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Phosphate
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Carbon
Frage 6
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Which eukaryotic species overgrowth causes 'red tide'?
Antworten
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Microcystis aeruginosa
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Karena brevis
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Trichodesmium
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Prochlorococcus marinus
Frage 7
Frage
How may a Harmful Algal Bloom cause indirect toxicity to organisms?
Antworten
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Generating a hypoxic or anoxic environment
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Producing waste products
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Increasing competition for resources
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Releasing toxins
Frage 8
Frage
Microcystis aeruginosa and Trichodesmium are both eukaryotic organisms
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 9
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People boating on high risk lakes reported symptoms of toxicity how much more/less frequently than others? (Approximately)
Antworten
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Three times as much
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Twice as much
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Half as much
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No difference
Frage 10
Frage
Microcystis aeruginosa is a gram-negative species of bacteria
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 11
Frage
Microcystins enhance fluid uptake in fish causing increased toxicity which can lead to liver damage or cancer
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 12
Frage
What are the effects caused by a bloom of Microcystis aeruginosa?
Antworten
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Nutrient content of water is increased
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Selective predation occurs whereby the food web is disrupted
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Water quality is decreased
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Economic losses due to lack of fishing and tourism
Frage 13
Frage
Microcystis aeruginosa is made up of spherical cells, a flagellum and a gram-negative wall structure
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 14
Frage
What size is the genome of Microcystis aeruginosa? (Approximately)
Antworten
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6 Mb
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4 Mb
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5 Mb
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2 Mb
Frage 15
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Which of the following statements are true regarding gas vesicles in Microcystis aeruginosa?
Antworten
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They are produced during the night to bring the cell to the surface of the water
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They are arranged in a pentagonal array
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They reduce the surface area: cytoplasm ratio
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They provide buoyancy for access to light
Frage 16
Frage
What are the names of the gas vesicle structural proteins?
Antworten
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GpB2, GpB3 and F270
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SI3P and NNt3
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P2f and Fn73
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GvpA and GvpC
Frage 17
Frage
A cork and hammer experiment was conducted to mimic the effect of vesicle disruption due to sudden pressure change
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 18
Frage
Which of the following statements are true concerning algicides?
Antworten
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Their use is not feasible on a large scale
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Algicide use is ineffective at destroying cyanobacterial blooms
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Bacterial toxins may be released when the cells are destroyed during algicide treatment
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None of the above are true
Frage 19
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Sonication or hydrostatic pressure may be used as control measures for treating algal blooms as this has an effect on the buoyancy of gas vesicles
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 20
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Which of the following are appropriate control measures in regards to cyanobacterial blooms?
Antworten
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Increase mixing/flushing
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Use of micropredators
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Limit temperatures
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Use of algicides
Frage 21
Frage
Which of the following statements about Microcystin-LR is false?
Antworten
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Peptide synthesis is non-ribosomal
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Preferential uptake by liver transporter OATP
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Released on lysis of cells
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Cyclic hexapeptide
Frage 22
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How does microcystin-LR cause liver damage?
Antworten
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Inhibits protein PP2A
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Causes damage due to reactive oxygen species and apoptosis
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Inhibits protein phosphatase-1
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Is transported by protein OAFP
Frage 23
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During the day, what genes are transcribed by MIcrocystis aeruginosa?
Antworten
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Energy metabolism
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Photosynthesis
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DNA repair
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DNA replication
Frage 24
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During the night, what genes are transcribed by Microcystis aeruginosa?
Antworten
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Photosynthesis
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Energy metabolism
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DNA replication
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DNA repair
Frage 25
Frage
Eutrophicaton due to hippo waste occurred in Kruger National Park, causing many unexpected animal deaths
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 26
Frage
The addition of chlorine to treat water in Brazil meant less people were affected by the HAB toxins
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 27
Frage
Microcystin-LR was produced by Microcystis bloom in Tabocas reservoir causing contaminated water to be distributed in Brazil
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 28
Frage
What serious health outcomes are associated with long-term exposure to cyanobacterial blooms?
Antworten
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Alzheimer's disease
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Liver cancer
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Emphysema
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Parkinson's disease
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