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Chapter 10: The Muscular System

Beschreibung

A quiz over the muscle tissue and it's functions. I have started off with the basic reading quiz in class along with questions from the quizbowl on Monday's review class session. I might add more to cover extra topics that were not gone over well during lecture.
Kimberly Crain
Quiz von Kimberly Crain, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
Kimberly Crain
Erstellt von Kimberly Crain vor fast 4 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Frage 1

Frage
Which of the following actions is caused by contraction of a skeletal muscle?
Antworten
  • contraction of the heart
  • locomotion
  • movement of food through the digestive tract
  • emptying of the urinary bladder

Frage 2

Frage
The capacity of a muscle cell to shorten forcefully is known as
Antworten
  • contractility
  • excitability
  • extensibility
  • elasticity

Frage 3

Frage
Muscles exhibit the property of excitability. This means that the muscle
Antworten
  • shortens in legnth
  • recoils to its original resting length
  • stretches beyond its normal length
  • responds to stimulation by the nervous system

Frage 4

Frage
Identify the statement concerning general functional characteristics of muscle that is true.
Antworten
  • muscle tissue shortens forcefully but lengthens passively
  • muscle tissue shortens passively but lengthens forcefully
  • muscle tissue can get shorter, but cannot get longer
  • muscle tissue can get longer, but cannot get shorter

Frage 5

Frage
Identify the statement concerning the skeletal muscle that is true.
Antworten
  • It comprises about 20% of the body's weight
  • It propels urine through the urinary tract
  • Its function is largely under involuntary control
  • It is powered by ATP

Frage 6

Frage
Which type of muscle tissue would cause flexion and extension of the arm?
Antworten
  • skeletal muscle
  • smooth muscle
  • cardiac muscle

Frage 7

Frage
Hypertrophy of skeletal muscles from weight lifting is caused by an increase in the
Antworten
  • number of muscle fibers
  • size of muscle fibers
  • number of striations
  • number of muscle cells

Frage 8

Frage
Skeletal muscle develops from multinucleated cells called
Antworten
  • fascicles
  • myoblasts
  • myofibrils
  • myotomes

Frage 9

Frage
Endomysium is a delicate network of loose connective tissue that
Antworten
  • surrounds each muscle fiber
  • forms a sheath around a fasciculus
  • is composed of elastic fibers
  • separates individual muscles
  • penetrates muscle fibers

Frage 10

Frage
Fascia
Antworten
  • surrounds individual muscles
  • separates muscle fibers
  • connects muscles to bone
  • is a type of muscle tissue
  • is a type of nerve tissue

Frage 11

Frage
Which of the following connective tissue layers is outside all the others?
Antworten
  • perimysium
  • endomysium
  • epimysium
  • paramysium
  • sarcolemma

Frage 12

Frage
List the following structures in order from smallest to largest. 1. muscle fiber 2. myofilament 3. myofibril 4. muscle fasciculus
Antworten
  • 4,3,2,1
  • 2,1,4,3
  • 2,3,1,4
  • 1,2,3,4

Frage 13

Frage
Muscle myofibrils
Antworten
  • are found in the sacrolemma
  • extend from the sarcolemma to the T-tubule
  • contain myosin and actin myofilaments
  • hold muscle cells together
  • do not apper striated

Frage 14

Frage
The region of the sarcomere that contains both actin and myosin myofilaments is called the
Antworten
  • I band
  • A band
  • Z disk
  • H zone

Frage 15

Frage
A sarcomere extends from
Antworten
  • one Z disk to an adjacent Z disk
  • one T tubule to the next T tubule
  • the middle of the I band to the middle of the A band
  • the H zone to the I band
  • the M line to the next M line

Frage 16

Frage
Which of the following would contribute to muscular fatigue in the muscle fiber?
Antworten
  • the emotional state of an individual
  • depletion of ATP reserves
  • inability of the motor neuron to produce sufficient quantities of acetylcholine
  • depletion of neurotransmitter
  • blocked receptors in the postsynaptic membrane

Frage 17

Frage
Lack of acetylcholinesterase in the synaptic cleft would result in
Antworten
  • a decrease in acetylcholine production by the motor neuron
  • continuous stimulation of the motor end plate
  • rapid degradation of acetylcholine
  • relaxation of the muscle
  • continuous stimulation of the presynaptic membrane

Frage 18

Frage
A bi-product of anaerobic respiration in muscle cells is
Antworten
  • uric acid
  • hydrochloric acid
  • lactic acid
  • carbonic acid

Frage 19

Frage
Which of the following is composed of myosin molecules?
Antworten
  • thick myofilaments
  • I bands
  • Z disks
  • sarcolemma
  • tropomyosin

Frage 20

Frage
Muscle tone
Antworten
  • is a time during which the tissue cannot respond
  • results in complete and incomplete tetanus
  • is a condition in which the muscle fiber only partially relaxes between contractions
  • is a condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations
  • is a constant tension produce produced by muscles for long periods of time

Frage 21

Frage
A myofibril is the
Antworten
  • cell membrane of a muscle fiber
  • cytoplasm of muscle cells
  • structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle fiber
  • protein strand composed of actin
  • contractile thread that extends the length of the muscle fiber

Frage 22

Frage
The sites where a chemical substance is transmitted from the presynaptic terminal of an axon to the postsynaptic membrane of a muscle fiber are called
Antworten
  • neuromuscular junctions
  • sarcomeres
  • myofilaments
  • Z disks
  • cell body of neuron

Frage 23

Frage
Acetylcholine is released from the synaptic terminal by the process of
Antworten
  • exocytosis
  • diffusion
  • phagocytosis
  • active transport
  • endocytosis

Frage 24

Frage
You are hired to work in a lab to measure the rate of human muscle contraction. Which of the following might decrease in quantity in muscle cells undergoing contractions?
Antworten
  • ATP
  • carbon dioxide
  • water
  • lactic acid
  • sodium

Frage 25

Frage
Which of the following is true about skeletal muscle?
Antworten
  • Sensory neurons stimulate muscle to contract
  • There are very few blood vessels in skeletal muscle
  • Every muscle fiber receives a branch of an axon from the nerve
  • There are very few nerve fibers in a muscle
  • All of these are true

Frage 26

Frage
Which of the following statements regarding the sliding filament model is false?
Antworten
  • actin and myosin do not shorten during contraction
  • both actin and myosin myofilaments shorten during contraction
  • the sarcomere shortens
  • the I band and H zones become narrower during contraction
  • the A band remains constant in length

Frage 27

Frage
Rigor mortis occurs after death because
Antworten
  • cross-bridges form but can't release
  • calcium is actively transported back to the sarcoplasmic reticulum
  • anaerobic respiration is ocurring
  • myosin levels decline at death
  • cross-bridges never form

Frage 28

Frage
Which of the following events occurs on the postsynaptic membrane?
Antworten
  • acetylcholine production
  • rapid degradation of acetylcholine
  • release of neurotransmitter
  • neurotransmitter combines with a receptor molecule
  • release of calcium ions

Frage 29

Frage
The model that describes the contraction of the muscle is called the
Antworten
  • contraction cycle
  • power stroke
  • sliding filament model
  • slipping fibril mechanism
  • paddle

Frage 30

Frage
The sarcolemma is the
Antworten
  • cell membrane of a muscle fiber
  • cytoplasm of muscle cells
  • structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle cell
  • contractile thread that extends the length of the muscle fiber
  • protein strand composed of actin

Frage 31

Frage
A sarcomere is the
Antworten
  • cell membrane of a muscle fiber
  • cytoplasm of muscle cells
  • structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle cell
  • contractile thread that extends the length of the muscle fiber
  • protein strand composed of actin or myosin

Frage 32

Frage
If sodium ions cannot enter a muscle fiber in response to a stimulus,
Antworten
  • contraction cannot occur
  • relaxation cannot occur
  • sodium ions will be released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum instead
  • the active sites are left exposed
  • the action potential travels into the muscle anyway

Frage 33

Frage
The active sites to which cross-bridges attach are found on the
Antworten
  • sarcoplasmic reticulum
  • actin myofilaments
  • Z disks
  • T tubules
  • myosin myofilaments

Frage 34

Frage
During short periods of intense exercise, energy in muscles is primarily derived from
Antworten
  • aerobic respiration
  • anaerobic respiration
  • oxidative recoupling
  • nuclear envelope reactions

Frage 35

Frage
A drug that interferes with the active transport of calcium ions from the sarcoplasm back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum would result in
Antworten
  • relaxation of the muscle fiber
  • contraction with no relaxation
  • muscle hypertrophy
  • fibrosis of the muscle
  • an imbalance of blood calcium

Frage 36

Frage
A stimulus either causes an action potential or it doesn't. This is called
Antworten
  • an all-or-none response
  • a graded response
  • a latent period response
  • a relative refractory response
  • an arbitrary response

Frage 37

Frage
T tubules are invaginations of the
Antworten
  • sarcoplasmic reticulum
  • sarcomere
  • myofibril
  • sarcoplasm
  • sarcolemma

Frage 38

Frage
The sarcoplasmic reticulum
Antworten
  • stores calcium ions
  • shortens during muscle contraction
  • transmits nerve impulses to the myofibrils
  • connects adjacent sarcomeres
  • covers the muscle fiber

Frage 39

Frage
Whole muscles can respond in a graded fashion to stimuli by varying
Antworten
  • the force of contraction of individual muscle fibers
  • the number of motor units recruited
  • the amplitude of the action potential
  • the frequency of stimulus
  • thresholds

Frage 40

Frage
In order for muscle relaxation to occur,
Antworten
  • calcium ions must be transported to troponin
  • power strokes slow down
  • the active sites on actin must be blocked
  • sodium ions must be actively transported to troponin
  • the active sites on myosin must be uncovered

Frage 41

Frage
Which of the following will respond to a threshold stimulus with an all-or-none contraction?
Antworten
  • a single muscle fiber
  • a single motor unit
  • a whole muscle
  • a single muscle fiber and a single motor unit
  • a single muscle fiber, a single motor unit, and a whole muscle

Frage 42

Frage
Which of the following is true?
Antworten
  • the greater the overlap of actin and myosin, the stronger the contraction
  • overstretching a muscle will increase its tension
  • optimal actin and myosin overlap will produce maximal contraction
  • the greatest amount of tension is achieved when actin and myosin do not overlap
  • tension is great when actin and myosin overlap as much as they can

Frage 43

Frage
Channels that open or close in response to changes in the electrical charge or voltage across the plasma membrane are called:
Antworten
  • ligand-gated ion channels
  • non-gated ion channels
  • relegated ion channels
  • voltage-gated ion channels
  • obligated ion channels

Frage 44

Frage
T tubules
Antworten
  • provide nutrients to the muscle fiber
  • generate new muscle fibers
  • conduct action potentials deep into the muscle cell
  • release acetylcholine
  • store calcium ions

Frage 45

Frage
A myofilament is the
Antworten
  • cell membrane of a muscle fiber
  • cytoplasm of muscle cells
  • structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle cell
  • contractile threat that extends the length of the muscle fiber
  • protein strand composed of actin or myosin

Frage 46

Frage
Tendons that form thick flattened sheets are
Antworten
  • ligaments
  • endoymysium
  • collagen fibers
  • aponeuroses

Frage 47

Frage
The expanded ends of sarcoplasmic reticulum are called
Antworten
  • transverse tubules
  • triads
  • terminal cisternae
  • myoterminals

Frage 48

Frage
In a typical simple muscle, the
Antworten
  • origin remains stationary and the insertion moves
  • insertion remains stationary and the origin moves
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