IGCSE Business. - Motivation in the workplace

If a business has a well [blank_start]motivated[blank_end] workforce, it will perform better. People will be happier, the working environment will be more [blank_start]agreeable[blank_end] and productivity will be higher. Therefore business [blank_start]profits[blank_end] are likely to be higher. Having a motivated work force makes it easier to attract new employees, [blank_start]retain[blank_end] existing employees and means that [blank_start]productivity[blank_end] is good as well motivated employees work [blank_start]harder[blank_end].

Businesses can CHANGE the motivation of workers because they have the opportunity to provide for a number of human needs. These needs can be physiological, social or in relation to safety and security.

Businesses often organise their workers into teams. This is because........ Select 3 correct responses

[blank_start]Psychologist[blank_end] Frederick Herzberg discovered in the [blank_start]1960's[blank_end] that certain factors at work would help give employees job satisfaction. He called these [blank_start]MOTIVATORS.[blank_end] He also found that other factors cold leave workers dissatisfied. He called these [blank_start]HYGIENE[blank_end] FACTORS. HERZBERG said that businesses must find ways of giving workers [blank_start]job satisfaction.[blank_end]

In 1943 Psychologist Abraham Maslow recognised the needs of employees and arranged them into a hierarchy, showing that some needs are more important than others. There are 5 levels and A person will start at the bottom of the hierarchy and will seek to satisfy each need in order. Once the first ‘physiological’ need is satisfied it no longer acts as a motivator. Which of the following are not part of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs? (See image)

Moving staff up a Maslow level is motivational Match the need to the workplace implication - drag to the orange point

[blank_start]Frederick[blank_end] Winslow Taylor (1856 – 1917) put forward the idea that workers are motivated mainly by pay. His Theory of [blank_start]Scientific Management[blank_end] argued the following: Workers do not naturally enjoy work and so need close supervision and [blank_start]control[blank_end] Therefore managers should break down production into a series of small tasks Workers should then be given appropriate [blank_start]training[blank_end] and tools so they can work as efficiently as possible on one set task. Workers are then paid according to the number of items they produce in a set period of time- [blank_start]piece-rate[blank_end] pay. As a result workers are encouraged to work hard and maximise their [blank_start]productivity[blank_end]. However workers soon came to dislike Taylor's approach as they were only given [blank_start]boring[blank_end], repetitive tasks to carry out and were being treated little better than human [blank_start]machines.[blank_end]

There are three factors that can motivate employees Select the correct three

TIME RATES Workers are paid according to the amount of time they spend at work. This is called a [blank_start]TIME RATE[blank_end]. It is common and involves paying workers so much per hour or per week. A workers overall pay is called [blank_start]gross[blank_end] pay - it is what they get paid [blank_start]minus[blank_end] deductions, which include: Income tax national [blank_start]insurance[blank_end] contributions pension contributions Union [blank_start]membership[blank_end] fees (where workers are members)

Match the definitions

Some workers are paid according to how much they produce. eg: numbers of boxed packed for distribution or weight of grapes picked. This is called ..........

Other ways to motivate employees include: ....... Select the 4 correct responses

Complete the diagram by selecting the missing FRINGE BENEFITS that employees sometimes use to motivate employees Read the others too!............