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Quiz von Jaslyn Villalona, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Jaslyn Villalona
vor mehr als 2 Jahre
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Frage 1
Frage
Which feature/trait do squid and octopus have that other members of phylum Mollusca, such as clams/oysters/snails, do not have?
Antworten
-
heterotrphy
-
bilateral symmetry
-
closed circulatory system
-
tissues
-
multicellularity
Frage 2
Frage
Which of the following is (are) unique to animals ?
Antworten
-
heterotrophy
-
flagellated gametes
-
nervous conduction and muscular movement
-
the structural carbohydrate, chitin
-
cells that have mitochondria
Frage 3
Frage
What is an important advantage to a closed circulatory system?
Antworten
-
quicker early development
-
improved movement/activity
-
development of coelom
-
development of tissues
Frage 4
Frage
Which of the following groups of insects do we think has the highest number of species?
(NOTE: over 400,000 species have been described so far in this group of insects)
Antworten
-
butterflies
-
flies
-
beetles
-
bees/wasps/ants
-
grasshoppers
Frage 5
Frage
Which of these, if true, would support the claim that the ancestral cnidarians had bilateral symmetry?
1.) Cnidarian larvae possess anterior-posterior, left-right, and dorsal-ventral sides/positions.
2.) Cnidarians have fewer Hox genes than bilaterians.
3.) All living cnidarians have both endoderm and ectoderm layers as embryos.
4.) All cnidarians are acoelomate.
Antworten
-
statements 2 & 4 only
-
statement 1 only
-
statements 2 & 3 only
-
statements 3 & 4 only
Frage 6
Frage
Which of the following is NOT a feature of chordates?
Antworten
-
pharyngeal slits/clefts
-
ecdysis (i.e., molting)
-
dorsal. hollow nerve cord
-
post-anal tail
-
notochord
Frage 7
Frage
Which of the following are the only living animals that descended directly from dinosaurs?
Antworten
-
snakes
-
birds
-
tuataras
-
lizards
-
crocodiles
Frage 8
Frage
What can ~ most amphibians do that humans cannot do?
Antworten
-
walk using legs
-
breathe through their skin
-
resist gravity with bony internal skeleton
-
have separate pulmonary circuit
-
breathe through lungs
Frage 9
Frage
Which 2 important features distinguish bony fish (e.g., goldfish, grouper) from cartilaginous fish (e.g., stingrays, sharks)?
Antworten
-
gill cover/operculum & post-anal tail
-
post-anal tail & swim bladder
-
dorsal, hollow nerve chord and gills
-
swim bladder & gill cover/ operculum
-
dorsal, hollow nerve chord & post-anal tail
Frage 10
Frage
Which of the following are the most abundant and diverse of living vertebrates?
Antworten
-
mammals
-
birds
-
insects
-
amphibians
-
ray-finned fishes
Frage 11
Frage
Do members of the phylum Cnidaria have a separate mouth and anus?
Antworten
-
Yes
-
No
Frage 12
Frage
In terms of numbers of species, which is the most successful group of animals?
Antworten
-
birds
-
mollusks
-
fishes
-
mammals
-
arthropods
Frage 13
Frage
Arthropods invaded land about 100 million years before vertebrates did so. This most clearly implies that...
Antworten
-
arthropods evolved before vertebrates did
-
ancestral arthropods must have been poorly adapted to aquatic life and thus experienced a selective pressure to invade land
-
arthropods have had more time to coevolve with land plants than vertebrates have had
-
extant terrestrial arthropods are better adopted to terrestrial life than are extant terrestrial vertebrates
Frage 14
Frage
Of the following organisms, which are amniotes ?
Antworten
-
egg-laying mammals only
-
amphibians
-
fishes
-
mammals
-
placental mammals only
Frage 15
Frage
Which of these characteristics added most to vertebrate success in relatively dry environments?
Antworten
-
the ability to maintain a constant body temperature
-
two pairs of appendages
-
a four-chambered heart
-
the shelled, amniotic egg
-
bony scales
Frage 16
Frage
What kind of symmetry do members of the phylum Porifera exhibit?
Antworten
-
bilateral symmetry
-
isohedral symmetry
-
radial symmetry
-
no symmetry
Frage 17
Frage
Some corals have photosynthetic organisms (i.e., zooxanthellae) living within their tissues. What benefit do these corals get from their photosynthetic 'house- mates"?
Antworten
-
sugars
-
CO2 (carbon dioxide)
-
prey items that the zooxanthellae capture
-
a safe place to live
Frage 18
Frage
What feature do cnidarians have that porifera do not have?
Antworten
-
multicellularity
-
sexual reproduction
-
hetertrophy
-
tissues
Frage 19
Frage
Which of the following terms describes an animal with a body cavity completely enclosed within mesoderm tissue?
Antworten
-
pseudocoelomate
-
quasicoelomate
-
coelomate
-
acoelomate
Frage 20
Frage
The presence of a swim bladder allows the typical ray-finned fish to stop swimming and still
Antworten
-
be highly maneuverable
-
effectively circulate its blood
-
use its own bladder as a respiratory organ
-
not sink
Frage 21
Frage
Which of the following features is NOT present in arthropods?
Antworten
-
molting of exoskeleton to grow
-
closed circulatory system
-
segmentation of body parts
-
open circulatory system
-
molting (i.e., replacement of "old" exoskeleton with new one)
Frage 22
Frage
Which of the following is not an insect?
Antworten
-
butterfly
-
bettle
-
ant
-
spider
-
bee
Frage 23
Frage
Acoelomate (i.e., no coelom) is a feature of chordates... true or false?
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 24
Frage
Which of the following organisms does NOT have a 4 chambered heart?
Antworten
-
crocidile
-
parrot
-
frog
-
opossum
-
platypus
Frage 25
Frage
A "complete digestive tract" differs from a gastrovascular cavity in that only the complete tract
Antworten
-
permits extracellular digestion
-
has teeth and tentacles to help with ingestion
-
uses its surface area for nutrient absorption
-
has specialized compartments
-
allows elimination of undigested waste
Frage 26
Frage
In humans, the first opportunity for ingested food to undergo enzymatic hydrolysis is in the
Antworten
-
mouth
-
stomach
-
liver
-
small intestine
-
large intestine
Frage 27
Frage
The brush border/microvilli of the epithelial cells lining the small intestine have a specific form. What is their function?
Antworten
-
clean the surfaces of the intestinal cells
-
promote movement of waste products
-
promote movement of chyme
-
nutrient absorption
-
waste excretion
Frage 28
Frage
The bile salts function in fat digestion by
Antworten
-
hydrolyzing fat molecules to glycerol and fatty acids
-
separating individual fat molecules from each other
-
dissolving fats in water
-
dispersing big droplets of fats to small droplets
-
triggering the secretion of pancreatic lipase
Frage 29
Frage
Increased glucose levels in blood, after a meal trigger
Antworten
-
glucagon release from pancreas
-
insulin release from the pancreas
-
secretin release from the duodenum
-
cholecystokinin release from the pancreas
-
activation of amylase in the blood
Frage 30
Frage
Glucagon, the pancreatic hormone, functions to
Antworten
-
stimulate hunger
-
inhibit activity in the small intestine
-
increase fat storage in fat cells
-
reduce glucose levels in the blood
-
stimulate the liver to release glucose
Frage 31
Frage
The fluid that moves around in the circulatory system of a typical arthropod is the
Antworten
-
intracellular fluid
-
interstitial fluid/hemolymph
-
blood plasma
-
digestive juices
-
cytosol
Frage 32
Frage
Corrected order of blood flow in human circulatory system:
Antworten
-
left ventricle, aorta, right ventricle, lungs, & systemic capillaries
-
left ventricle, right ventricle, aorta, systemic capillaries , & lungs
-
left ventricle, aorta, systemic capillaries , right ventricle, & lungs
-
left ventricle, aorta, lungs, systemic capillaries, right ventricle
Frage 33
Frage
Which of the following tissue types is incorrectly matched with its function?
Antworten
-
epithelial tissue- covers and lines organs and body cavities
-
muscle tissue- holds the tissues and organs in place
-
connective tissue- stores fat and provides flexibility
-
nervous tissue- processing and transmission of information
Frage 34
Frage
Heat exchange between an organism and its environment to maintain body temperature (thermoregulation) is achieved by
Antworten
-
radiation
-
conduction
-
convection
-
evaporation
-
all of the above
Frage 35
Frage
For blood flow in fish gills, net movement of oxygen from water into blood occurs only in the first half of the distance where blood and water are in close contact
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 36
Frage
The desert ant, which lives in the Sahara Desert, has several features and behaviors that allow it to live in such a harsh environment. These include all the following, except
Antworten
-
living in underground burrows that are much cooler than the above ground temperatures.
-
unusual enzymes that work optimally at extremely hot temperatures.
-
only leaving its burrows during the day to capture its prey items.
-
long legs that allow it to run very fast to capture its prey so it spends little time aboveground.
-
long legs which lift its body above the extremely hot desert sands.
Frage 37
Frage
Galapagos iguanas are the only iguana species that regularly spends time in saltwater, where they eat macroalgae growing on the submerged rocks. They manage to stay warm enough to swim in the very cold waters surrounding the Galapagos islands. They stay warm enough by all the following, except
Antworten
-
They gain heat via conduction by laying next to other iguanas that are warmer.
-
They gain heat via evaporation in their relatively large nasal (i.e., nose) cavities.
-
They gain heat via radiation from the sun shining down on them.
-
They gain heat via conduction from lying on the dark rocks on land.
Frage 38
Frage
A defining characteristic of birds
Antworten
-
is a four-chambered heart.
-
is that they build nests and care for their young.
-
are feathers.
-
is their having both a systemic circuit and a pulmonary circuit.
-
is endothermy.
Frage 39
Frage
The 4 characteristic features of chordates include all the following, except
Antworten
-
notochord.
-
dorsal hollow nerve cord.
-
post-anal tail.
-
pharyngeal slits/clefts.
-
bony or cartilaginous vertebral column.
Frage 40
Frage
Successful invasion of the land by tetrapods required all the following, except
Antworten
-
systems to prevent embryos from drying out.
-
system to prevent the whole-body desiccation.
-
lungs which were more efficient than fish gills to extract oxygen from the air.
-
redesigned heart and circulatory systems to support larger muscles.
-
legs to support the weight of the body.
Frage 41
Frage
A student in a general biology 2 class told their professor that they missed class the previous week because they had suffered an injury to their notochord. Is this possible?
Antworten
-
No, as the notochord is located within and protected by the rigid vertebral column containing calcium phosphate.
-
No, as human adults do not have a notochord.
-
Yes, as the notochord is made of cartilage which is not as rigid as bone.
-
Yes, as general biology 2 students very often suffer damage to their notochords because of poor posture when reading their textbooks.
-
Yes, as the notochord is not contained within or protected by the bony vertebral column.
Frage 42
Frage
How many different cell types are in the human body?
Antworten
-
~50
-
~200
-
4
-
~100
-
~500
Frage 43
Frage
Is the human body’s response to excessively cold temperatures, shivering and vasoconstriction of blood vessels near the skin surface, voluntary or involuntary?
Antworten
-
voluntary
-
involuntary
-
It depends on the person
Frage 44
Frage
A true 4-chambered heart does not allow
Antworten
-
the mixing of blood from the systemic circuit with the pulmonary circuit.
-
the mixing of blood from the pulmonary circuit with the gill circuit.
-
the mixing of blood from the right side of the body with the left side of the body.
-
the mixing of blood from the systemic circuit with the gill circuit.
-
the mixing of blood from the right lung with the left lung.
Frage 45
Frage
Is the human body’s response to excessively hot temperatures, sweating and vasodilation of blood vessels near the skin surface, voluntary or involuntary?
Antworten
-
voluntary
-
involuntary
-
It depends on the person
Frage 46
Frage
Where do absorbed fats finally enter the blood?
Antworten
-
within chylomicrons in the lymph at the subclavian veins
-
from epithelial cells lining the small intestine into the hepatic portal vein
-
within chylomicrons in the lymph into the hepatic portal vein
-
within chylomicrons in the liver
-
from epithelial cells lining the small intestine into the hepatic portal artery
Frage 47
Frage
The body stores excess glucose as all the following, except
Antworten
-
glycogen in the pancreas
-
glycogen in the muscles
-
glycogen in the liver
-
fat in adipose tissue
Frage 48
Frage
Why is the protease pepsin released from cells in an inactive form?
Antworten
-
so it can reach very high concentrations within the cells
-
so that it can be produced constantly
-
so it does not break down proteins found within the cells
-
so it can be produced only when it is needed
-
so it can be more easily transported across plasma membranes
Frage 49
Frage
What would be an important consequence of losing all your alpha cells in your pancreas?
Antworten
-
inability to lower your blood glucose levels once they are > 90 mg/100ml
-
inability to raise your blood glucose levels once they are < 90 mg/100ml
-
inability to increase the pH of the chyme entering your duodenum
-
inability to decrease the pH of the chyme entering your duodenum
-
inability to use glucose as a source of energy in your cells
Frage 50
Frage
A very low level of glucose in the blood after a long period of fasting will cause
Antworten
-
activation of amylase in the blood.
-
pepsinogen release from chief cells in the stomach.
-
insulin release from the pancreas.
-
secretin release from the duodenum.
-
glucagon release from the pancreas.
Frage 51
Frage
What is meant by the term “essential” in reference to nutrients?
Antworten
-
They cannot be synthesized within the human body and need to be a part of the diet.
-
They are needed only during early developmental stages and are not needed once an organism reaches maturity.
-
They can only be synthesized by plants and therefore are not needed by animals.
-
They can only be synthesized by animals and therefore are not needed by plants.
-
They can be created from scratch/de novo within the human body from other organic molecules.
Frage 52
Frage
Which of the following is mismatched?
Antworten
-
O2 rich blood — arteriole
-
O2 rich blood — left ventricle
-
O2 poor blood — venule
-
O2 rich blood — pulmonary artery
-
O2 poor blood — right atrium
Frage 53
Frage
The following structures are involved in the vertebrate circulatory system: (1) veins, (2) arterioles, (3) capillaries, (4) venules, and (5) arteries. What is the correct order of blood flow once it leaves the capillary beds?
Antworten
-
5, 2, 3, 4, 1
-
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
-
4, 1, 5, 2, 3
-
4, 1, 2, 5, 3
-
5, 2, 1, 4, 3
Frage 54
Frage
Why do arteries have thicker walls than veins have?
Antworten
-
to minimize the passage of molecules through the endothelial cells
-
to allow greater diffusion of amino acids and glucose
-
to allow greater diffusion of O2 and CO2
-
to tolerate the greater blood pressure found within the arteries
-
to maintain the volume of blood in the circulatory system
Frage 55
Frage
What is returned to the blood at the junction between the lymphatic system and the circulatory system?
Antworten
-
chylomicrons
-
BOTH fluid lost from the capillary beds and chylomicrons
-
fluid lost from the capillary beds
-
glucose and amino acids from digestion
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