Frage 1
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Prostitution in California in the mid-nineteenth century had a distinct racial hierarchy with which group at the bottom?
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Mexican women
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African American women
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French women
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Chinese women
Frage 2
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What was one remarkable aspect of women's involvement in the antebellum reform movement?
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Women's reform societies were in most places racially integrated.
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Women and men first found common ground in shared leadership of reform societies.
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As many as 10 percent of women in the Northeast were involved in reform groups.
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A high percentage of southern white women participated in antislavery activism.
Frage 3
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Moral reform activists viewed prostitutes as
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a threat to the health of American families.
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victims of men's sexual excesses.
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women whose sexual appetites made them sinners.
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one more problem that came with increased immigration.
Frage 4
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What argument drew many women to the temperance movement in the 1840s and 1850s?
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Protestant Christianity was incompatible with alcohol.
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Parents who drank would lose the trust of their children.
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If men could drink, women should be able to as well.
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A man who stopped drinking would better support his family.
Frage 5
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The Shakers, founded by Mother Ann Lee, challenged conventional notions of marriage by
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prohibiting all sexual relations, even within marriage.
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advocating polygamy, in which men were allowed to have more than one wife.
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sanctifying extramarital sexuality within the Shaker community.
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promoting cooperative living and socialist ideology.
Frage 6
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Many female abolitionists were pushed toward advocating women's rights by their realization that
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female slaves were being sexually exploited by their masters.
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free women experienced barriers to personhood like those faced by slaves.
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only women had the moral force to convince slaveowners to emancipate.
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men did not have the strength and power to fulfill the abolitionist agenda on their own.
Frage 7
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Congress responded to the petition drive of female abolitionists in the 1830s by
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passing the "gag rule," which tabled all antislavery petitions.
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considering but rejecting a bill to give women the right to vote.
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simply ignoring the petitions.
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becoming increasingly hostile toward the woman's movement
Frage 8
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The Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 issued a manifesto that in both style and philosophy echoed the Declaration of Independence when it called for
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abolition of the institution of marriage.
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equality of men and women before the law.
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the vote for all people over the age of eighteen.
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equal distribution of inherited property among sons and daughters.
Frage 9
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In the 1840s, Elizabeth Cady Stanton lobbied to get the New York legislature to pass a bill that
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gave women the vote in New York.
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ended slavery in that state.
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gave wives control over their inherited wealth.
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allowed women to initiate divorce.
Frage 10
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During the Civil War, northern women activists, such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony, formed the Women's National Loyal League to
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help gather female volunteers to serve as nurses.
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pressure Lincoln to adopt a broader emancipation policy.
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raise funds to buy food and medicines for northern soldiers.
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reignite the fight for women's suffrage.
Frage 11
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Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel Uncle Tom's Cabin (1851–1852) dramatized
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Harriet Jacobs's escape from slavery twelve years before.
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black women's involvement in the abolitionist movement.
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the unleashing of God's wrath on all slaveowners for the sin of slavery.
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the dangers facing runaway slaves under the new Fugitive Slave Law.
Frage 12
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The year 1848 was significant in U.S. history because the Mexican War, Seneca Falls Convention, and founding of the Free Soil Party all inaugurated
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movements that challenged preexisting social boundaries.
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a backlash against growing industrialization.
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a period of international conflict.
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the beginning of antislavery agitation.
Frage 13
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What do documents detailing life on the Oregon Trail show?
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Most men would not have undertaken the journey if their wives had not been enthusiastic.
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Women's workdays on the trail were generally several hours longer than men's.
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Women and men shared decision-making responsibility concerning the journey.
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Women shed some conventional domestic responsibilities, and there were fewer gender-related tasks.
Frage 14
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In a recurring example of cross-cultural misunderstanding, white emigrants on the Oregon Trail often believed they were under imminent attack by Native Americans when
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Native groups were actually approaching the wagon trains to demand money and food.
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Native groups were in fact attempting to guide white settlers past more hostile Native groups.
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the emigrants saw columns of smoke on the horizon, which they assumed to be signs of homes being burned.
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the emigrants imagined that herds of buffalo were accompanied by hunting bands of Native Americans.
Frage 15
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What happened to many Native women who left their own people to live with white men in informal sexual and domestic unions at U.S. Army forts or trading centers in the West?
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Most married the men and helped create a blended culture that included Native and white elements.
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They quickly succumbed to disease in the cramped forts or trading centers and died.
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They found white culture bewildering, could not assimilate, and quickly returned to their tribes.
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They were abandoned when white women arrived and ended up living on the edges of white culture.
Frage 16
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The work of northern women during the Civil War differed from that of southern women in that they
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tended to be less personally involved with the military.
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left support functions to the government.
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created a national umbrella organization to provide services to the troops.
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took advantage of the opportunity to gain professional education.
Frage 17
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In the spring of 1863, the women of Richmond rioted in the streets protesting
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passage of the Conscription Act.
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food shortages and triple-digit inflation.
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increased taxes.
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the Confederate loss at Gettysburg.
Frage 18
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During the California gold rush, most middle-class women who traveled with their husbands to the gold-digging sites made money by
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becoming prostitutes.
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staking their own claims and panning for gold.
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taking in piecework from local factories.
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offering domestic services to single men
Frage 19
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During the moral reform movement in the late 1830s, women emphasized their Christian maternal role and responsibilities in order to
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avoid attending church on a regular basis.
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encourage their husbands to build more schools.
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expand their social authority outside the home.
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encourage the ordination of female ministers.
Frage 20
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By participating in the temperance movement, women were able to
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argue that they should be allowed to vote.
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criticize men for their failure to provide for and protect their families.
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decrease the number of married men who visited prostitutes.
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assist slaves in the South to escape to the North
Frage 21
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Antebellum female health activists, responding to women's menstrual, reproductive, and sexual complaints, advocated that
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more women attend medical schools and study female health issues.
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male doctors prescribe more pain killers for female complaints.
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it is in the best interest of women to remain celibate.
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women ignore regular doctors and adopt alternative therapeutic regimes.
Frage 22
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The Oneida community, which challenged many notions of conventional marriage, earned its greatest notoriety by
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banning all sexual relations, even within marriage.
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practicing polygamy, allowing men to have more than one wife.
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rejecting monogamy and advocating extramarital sexuality.
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promoting socialist ideology and cooperative labor.
Frage 23
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The call for the immediate and uncompensated abolition of slavery and full civil rights for black people came first from
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white middle-class women.
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Mormons and Transcendentalists.
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the Unitarians of Boston.
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the free black community.
Frage 24
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How did the activities of the Grimké sisters produce a split in the abolitionist movement?
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Their bravery in leading slaves to freedom led to a split over whether the movement should support defiance of southern law.
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Their defense of women's equal rights created divisions over the proper role of women in the movement.
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Their descriptions of slave revolts caused many abolitionists to question the wisdom of freeing slaves.
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Their radical message caused many southern abolitionist societies to break away from the movement.
Frage 25
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The most controversial resolution of the "Declarations of Sentiments and Resolutions" passed at the Seneca Falls Convention in July 1848 was that
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all men and women are created equal.
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women should be allowed to work.
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women had an equal right to vote.
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women had an equal right to an education.
Frage 26
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What was the major issue facing reformers and the country in the 1850s?
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Votes for women
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The spread of slavery
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Immigration quotas
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Legalization of unions
Frage 27
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In 1863, New York City was paralyzed by mobs rioting and protesting
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the passage of the Conscription Act.
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the Confederate victory at Gettysburg.
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high food prices and triple-digit inflation.
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another increase in taxes.
Frage 28
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Read the following excerpt and then choose the statement that best applies.
Barbara Longknife to Stand Watie, Coloma, June 8, 1954
Dear Sir, I gladly embrace the present operunity of addressing you by the way of this letter. we are in moderate health at the present time and hope these lines may find you and your family emjoying the same blessing. we have made nothing in this country as yet more than barely supported the family. William has been trying his luck in the mines, did not make it pay over board, we have had a great deal of sickness in our family since we came to this Country and our doctor bills has cost us a great many dollars together with other expenses connected with Dr. Bills. we are still living in Coloma and I think it is very probable we will remain here as long as we stay in this Country. I would like very much to see all my old friends in the nation. California is not what it was represented to be, if I was back again I would let California be the last place that I would go to. I am engage in washing at present and have been for a considerable length of time it pays better than anything else that I can do. give my best respects to Mr. Huss and all enquiring friends & receive for your self and family the same. Yu will please write when this comes to hand and give me all the news of importance. William & myself are the only ones of the mess that I know anything about. R. Tuff died on the plains. Welch died after we got here, the last I heard of your Brother Charles he was going north in 52, have’nt heard from him since. John Candy is in this country somewhere, was in this place a few days since, he has not made his pile yet, when you write you will direct your letter to Coloma Eldorado Co California
Very respectfully your friend
Barbary Longknife
Source: Through Women’s Eyes: An American History with Documents, 5th edition, Ellen Carol DuBois and Lynn Dumenil, Bedford St. Martins, Boston: 2019, 262.
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The primary source documents life of a family living on the Great Plains.
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Doctor bills were a burden for Barbara Longknife’s family
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Barbara writes her friend that she has enjoyed living in California and encourages others to follow her.
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A historian could use this primary source to discuss how many people used the money they earned in gold rush to support families back home.
Frage 29
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Read the following excerpt and then choose the statement that best applies.
Barbara Longknife to Stand Watie, Coloma, June 8, 1954
Dear Sir, I gladly embrace the present operunity of addressing you by the way of this letter. we are in moderate health at the present time and hope these lines may find you and your family emjoying the same blessing. we have made nothing in this country as yet more than barely supported the family. William has been trying his luck in the mines, did not make it pay over board, we have had a great deal of sickness in our family since we came to this Country and our doctor bills has cost us a great many dollars together with other expenses connected with Dr. Bills. we are still living in Coloma and I think it is very probable we will remain here as long as we stay in this Country. I would like very much to see all my old friends in the nation. California is not what it was represented to be, if I was back again I would let California be the last place that I would go to. I am engage in washing at present and have been for a considerable length of time it pays better than anything else that I can do. give my best respects to Mr. Huss and all enquiring friends & receive for your self and family the same. Yu will please write when this comes to hand and give me all the news of importance. William & myself are the only ones of the mess that I know anything about. R. Tuff died on the plains. Welch died after we got here, the last I heard of your Brother Charles he was going north in 52, have’nt heard from him since. John Candy is in this country somewhere, was in this place a few days since, he has not made his pile yet, when you write you will direct your letter to Coloma Eldorado Co California
Very respectfully your friend
Barbary Longknife
Source: Through Women’s Eyes: An American History with Documents, 5th edition, Ellen Carol DuBois and Lynn Dumenil, Bedford St. Martins, Boston: 2019, 262.
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Barbara Longknife documents how much money could be made mining for silver in California.
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This letter confirms that families and friends moved to California in groups and worked together in mining camps.
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A historian could use this primary source to discuss the type of work women did in mining towns, such as Coloma.
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Barbara Longknife explains how she made money panning for gold.