Frage 1
Frage
According to current estimates, how many Americans have some form of cardiovascular disease (CVD)?
Antworten
-
>80 million
-
>20 million
-
>40 million
-
>60 million
Frage 2
Frage
Which of the following factors that contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not the result of lifestyle choices?
Antworten
-
Obesity
-
Family genetics
-
Type A personality
-
Smoking
Frage 3
Frage
What form of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the single largest killer of Americans each year?
Frage 4
Frage
Long QT syndrome , also called prolonged QT syndrome, is a group of disorders that increases the risk for sudden death from an arrhythmia slightly more common in:
Antworten
-
women
-
chronic drug abusers.
-
men
-
the elderly.
Frage 5
Frage
The two superior chambers of the heart are the _____ and they _____.
Antworten
-
ventricles, pump to the atria
-
atria, pump blood to the ventricles
-
ventricles, receive blood from throughout the body
-
atria, pump throughout the bodies
Frage 6
Frage
The vascular system and the tissues are able to exchange gases, fluids, and nutrients through the very thin:
Antworten
-
capillary walls.
-
venules
-
alveoli
-
arterioles
Frage 7
Frage
Intraventricular pressures are higher on the left than on the right because:
Antworten
-
the systemic circulation offers less resistance to blood flow than the lungs
-
the right ventricle is a larger muscle mass than the left ventricle.
-
it is harder to pump blood through the aortic valve.
-
the lungs offer less resistance to blood flow than the systemic circulation.
Frage 8
Frage
The first sound auscultated (S1) when listening to heart sounds occurs during which of the following events?
Frage 9
Frage
The three types of electrocardiogram (ECG) leads are bipolar, augmented, and:
Antworten
-
implanted.
-
central.
-
tripolar
-
precordial
Frage 10
Frage
Which of the following is a cause for artifact appearing on the electrocardiogram (ECG)?
Frage 11
Frage
The most common electrocardiogram (ECG) leads used for monitoring are:
Frage 12
Frage
When an impulse is traveling away from a positive electrode, this will appear as a wave on the electrocardiogram (ECG) tracing in which direction?
Antworten
-
Null
-
Isoelectric
-
Upward
-
Downward
Frage 13
Frage
When looking at an electrocardiogram (ECG), the P wave is representative of what?
Frage 14
Frage
The total duration of ventricular depolarization is known as the:
Antworten
-
PR interval.
-
QT interval.
-
QRS interval.
-
corrected QT interval.
Frage 15
Frage
While it can be present in cases of hypokalemia, this wave can also be a normal and nonpathological electrocardiogram (ECG) characteristic.
Antworten
-
Absent P wave
-
Long P-R interval
-
Peaked T wave
-
U wave
Frage 16
Frage
When looking to determine the particular amplitude of an electrocardiogram (ECG) waveform, the paramedic should evaluate what aspect of the printed ECG strip?
Frage 17
Frage
If a patient has a PR interval that is 7 mm (7 small boxes) in duration, what can be said about the overall electrocardiogram (ECG)?
Antworten
-
There is heightened conductivity between the atria and ventricles.
-
The Purkinje fibers are not conducting properly.
-
The SA node is failing to discharge.
-
There is a conduction delay in the atrioventricular (AV) node.
Frage 18
Frage
A phasic variation of the R-R interval that is related to the respiratory cycle and changes in intrathoracic pressure produces which of the following rhythms on the electrocardiogram (ECG)?
Antworten
-
Sinus bradycardia
-
Sinus arrhythmia
-
Sinus block
-
Sinus arrest
Frage 19
Frage
When a patient experiences a sudden increase in cholinergic tone or has intrinsic SA node disease, this may lead to the development of which of the following ECG rhythms?
Frage 20
Frage
The electrocardiogram (ECG) rhythm you see is a regular, narrow-complex rhythm that has 1 upright P wave for every QRS complex; QRS complexes measure 0.08 seconds, and the PR interval is 0.16 seconds; heart rate is 140 beats/minute. Which of the following best labels this rhythm?
Antworten
-
Ventricular tachycardia
-
Normal sinus rhythm
-
Junctional tachycardia
-
Sinus tachycardia
Frage 21
Frage
What mechanism of abnormal impulse formation is responsible for sustaining rapid rhythms such as paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?
Antworten
-
Excitability
-
Ectopic
-
Automaticity
-
Reentry
Frage 22
Frage
When evaluating an electrocardiogram (ECG), you note that in lead III the QRS complex duration is 0.16 seconds. What does this finding imply?
Antworten
-
Delayed conduction through the atrioventricular (AV) node and bundle branches
-
Normality
-
Delayed conduction through the ventricular conduction system
-
Enhanced conduction from the SA node to the Purkinje fibers
Frage 23
Frage
You are looking at an electrocardiogram (ECG) that displays normal P waves at 80/min with a 1:1 relationship with the QRS, a PRI with a 0.24 second conduction, and the width of the QRS is 0.14 seconds. The T wave is positively deflected. What is the most likely name of this rhythm?
Antworten
-
Normal sinus rhythm
-
Sinus rhythm with a Mobitz I heart block
-
Normal sinus rhythm with evidence of myocardial ischemia
-
Sinus rhythm with a first-degree atrioventricular (AV) block and a bundle branch block
Frage 24
Frage
You are managing a patient who has a supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) rhythm at a rate of 260/min. Which of the following best describes the rhythm's effect on the patient's hemodynamic status?
Antworten
-
It results in peripheral vasodilation.
-
There will be an increase in coronary artery perfusion.
-
The rapid rate will result in myocardial infarction.
-
This results in decreased cardiac output.
Frage 25
Frage
How many people in the United States are estimated to have hypertension?
Antworten
-
50 million
-
500 million
-
150 million
-
5 million
Frage 26
Frage
What form of cardiovascular disease is the single largest killer of Americans each year?
Frage 27
Frage
Which of the following factors that contributes to CVD is not the result of lifestyle choices?
Antworten
-
Obesity
-
Family genetics
-
Smoking
-
Type A personality
Frage 28
Frage
Which of the following is NOT thought to, or proven to, increase the risk of cardiovascular disease?
Antworten
-
Oral contraceptives
-
Obesity
-
Type A personality
-
Hypocholesterolemia
Frage 29
Frage
Which of the following risk factors are thought to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease?
Antworten
-
Older age
-
Male gender
-
Smoking
-
Poor diet
Frage 30
Frage
Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease?
Antworten
-
Hypertension
-
Male gender
-
Family history
-
Older age
Frage 31
Frage
Which one of the following patients is most susceptible to developing cardiovascular disease?
Antworten
-
A 64-year-old male, three-pack-per-day smoker
-
A 29-year-old female recreational smoker
-
A 19-year-old male with type A personality
-
A 40-year-old female taking oral contraceptives
Frage 32
Frage
Which of the following patients is least likely to develop cardiovascular disease, compared to the others?
Antworten
-
44-year-old male smoker and cocaine abuser
-
50-year-old male with chronic hypertension
-
38-year-old obese female with type 1 diabetes
-
25-year-old female taking birth control pills
Frage 33
Frage
The two superior chambers of the heart are the ____________________and they ___________.
Antworten
-
atria, pump blood to the ventricles
-
atria, pump throughout the bodies
-
ventricles, receive blood from throughout the body
-
ventricles, pump to the atria
Frage 34
Frage
The two major components of the cardiovascular system are the:
Frage 35
Frage
The vascular system and the tissues are able to exchange gases, fluids, and nutrients through the very thin:
Antworten
-
alveoli
-
arterioles
-
venules
-
capillary walls.
Frage 36
Frage
Intracardiac pressures are higher on the left than on the right because
Antworten
-
it is harder to pump blood through the aortic valve.
-
the lungs offer less resistance to blood flow than the systemic circulation.
-
the systemic circulation offers less resistance to blood flow than the lungs.
-
the right ventricle is a larger muscle mass than the left ventricle.
Frage 37
Frage
The first sound auscultated (S Subscript 1) when listening to heart sounds occurs during which of the following events?
Frage 38
Frage
The three types of ECG leads are bipolar, augmented, and
Antworten
-
tripolar
-
central
-
implanted
-
precordial
Frage 39
Frage
Which of the following is a cause for artifact appearing on the ECG?
Frage 40
Frage
The most common ECG leads used for monitoring are:
Frage 41
Frage
According to Einthoven's triangle, lead I is characterized by:
Antworten
-
left arm positive, right arm negative.
-
right arm positive, left arm negative.
-
left leg positive, left arm negative.
-
Left leg positive, right arm negative.
Frage 42
Frage
When an impulse is traveling toward a negative electrode, this will appear as a(n) _________ deflection on the ECG.
Antworten
-
upward
-
downward
-
positive
-
isoelectric
Frage 43
Frage
From the ECG graph, 1 small box =
Antworten
-
1.0 sec.
-
0.04 sec.
-
0.20 sec.
-
0.01 sec.
Frage 44
Frage
When looking at an ECG, the P wave is representative of what?
Frage 45
Frage
The total duration of ventricular depolarization is known as the:
Antworten
-
QRS interval.
-
corrected QT interval.
-
QT interval.
-
PR interval.
Frage 46
Frage
While it can be present in cases of hypokalemia, this wave can also be a normal and non-pathological ECG characteristic:
Antworten
-
Absent P wave
-
Long P-R interval
-
U wave
-
Peaked T wave
Frage 47
Frage
When looking to determine the particular amplitude of an ECG waveform, the paramedic should evaluate what aspect of the printed ECG strip?
Frage 48
Frage
Which of the following ECG lines is disturbed by myocardial infarction?
Antworten
-
QRS interval
-
QT interval
-
ST segment
-
PR interval
Frage 49
Frage
If a patient has a PR interval that is 7 mm (7 small boxes) in duration, what can be said about the overall ECG?
Antworten
-
The SA node is failing to discharge.
-
There is a conduction delay in the AV node.
-
The Purkinje fibers are not conducting properly.
-
There is heightened conductivity between the atria and ventricles.
Frage 50
Frage
A phasic variation of the R-R interval that is related to the respiratory cycle and changes in intrathoracic pressure produces which of the following rhythms on the ECG?
Antworten
-
Sinus arrest
-
Sinus block
-
Sinus bradycardia
-
Sinus arrhythmia
Frage 51
Frage
The ECG monitor shows the following: no rate, no rhythm, P waves that are regular in spacing, no QRS complexes. What would you call this rhythm?
Antworten
-
Cardiac standstill
-
Ventricular fibrillation
-
Idioventricular rhythm
-
Artificial pacemaker
Frage 52
Frage
If the patient is displaying a normal sinus rhythm in lead II, which of the following statements would be true?
Antworten
-
The P to T wave interval should be >30 small boxes.
-
The QRS width should be 4 mm.
-
The R-R duration should be regular.
-
The T wave should be negatively deflected.
Frage 53
Frage
A tracing that you see on the ECG monitor has no discernible P waves, QRS width of 0.08 seconds, a ventricular rate between 64 and 82, and has an irregular rhythm to it. What would you call this rhythm?
Antworten
-
Ventricular fibrillation
-
Atrial fibrillation
-
Ventricular tachycardia
-
Atrial flutter
Frage 54
Frage
When a patient experiences a sudden increase in cholinergic tone or has intrinsic SA node disease, this may lead to the development of which of the following ECG rhythms?
Frage 55
Frage
The ECG rhythm you see is a regular, narrow-complex rhythm that has 1 upright P wave for every QRS complex; QRS complexes measure 0.08 seconds, and the PR interval is 0.16 seconds; heart rate is 140 beats/minute. Which of the following best labels this rhythm?
Antworten
-
Junctional tachycardia
-
Sinus tachycardia
-
Normal sinus rhythm
-
Ventricular tachycardia
Frage 56
Frage
What is the best explanation of an ECG tracing that shows progressive changes in the morphology of the P wave from beat to beat in at least 3 consecutive beats?
Antworten
-
Rapid reentry into an atrial circuit and the AV node that is associated with organic heart disease
-
Multiple areas of reentry within the atria or multiple ectopic foci bombarding the AV node
-
Passive transfer of pacemaker sites from the sinus node to other latent pacemaker sites in the atria and AV junction
-
A single electrical impulse originating in the atria outside the SA node, causing premature depolarization
Frage 57
Frage
What mechanism of abnormal impulse formation is responsible for sustaining rapid rhythms such as paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?
Antworten
-
Excitability
-
Reentry
-
Ectopic
-
Automaticity
Frage 58
Frage
When evaluating an ECG, you note that in lead III the QRS complex duration is 0.16 seconds. What does this finding imply?
Antworten
-
Enhanced conduction from the SA node to the Purkinje fibers
-
Delayed conduction through the AV node and bundle branches
-
Normality
-
Delayed conduction through the ventricular conduction system
Frage 59
Frage
Looking at an ECG strip, you count 14 QRS complexes in two 3-second marks. Your estimate for the heart rate would be:
Frage 60
Frage
Which of the following is likely to result in bradycardia?
Frage 61
Frage
Which of the following is TRUE regarding ventricular tachycardia?
Antworten
-
Ventricular tachycardia cannot ever produce a palpable carotid pulse.
-
Ventricular tachycardia is caused when the atria fire before the ventricles.
-
Ventricular tachycardia can be triggered by a PVC firing in the relative refractory period.
-
Ventricular tachycardia always has a rate that is higher than 150 beats/minute.
Frage 62
Frage
You are looking at an ECG that displays normal P waves at 80/min with a 1:1 relationship with the QRS, a PRI with a 0.24 second conduction, and the width of the QRS is 0.14 seconds. The T wave is positively deflected. What is the most likely name of this rhythm?
Antworten
-
Normal sinus rhythm with evidence of myocardial ischemia
-
Sinus rhythm with a first-degree AV block and a bundle branch block
-
Normal sinus rhythm
-
Sinus rhythm with a Mobitz I heart block
Frage 63
Frage
You are managing a patient that has an SVT rhythm at a rate of 260/min. Which of the following best describes the rhythm's effect on the patient's hemodynamic status?
Antworten
-
This results in decreased cardiac output.
-
The rapid rate will result in myocardial infarction.
-
It results in peripheral vasodilation.
-
There will be an increase in coronary artery perfusion.
Frage 64
Frage
The ECG shows an irregular ventricular rhythm at a rate of 58; there are more P waves than QRS complexes; QRS width is 0.10 and the PR interval is constant for the conducted beats at a length of 0.20 seconds. What is this rhythm?