Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Frage 1
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The polar regions of Mars have a surface layer of Carbon Dioxide (CO2), but the bulk of frozen material is:
Frage 2
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According to the book, what evidence and features may indicate the Mars once had liquid water? (Check all that apply)
Antworten
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What appears to be "river channels" are on the surface, indicating that water must have flowed.
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Presence of "islands" around rims of craters, indicating that water likely flowed in the past.
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Possible dried river deltas with fans of sediment about 13 kilometers wide.
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Fossilized sea life (bacteria and algae) have been found.
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A "Crater Lake" that seems to have terraces that resemble old beaches.
Frage 3
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In the past, Mars had a [blank_start]hot interior[blank_end], which allowed for volcanism to take place on the planet. When [blank_start]volcanoes erupt[blank_end], they [blank_start]replenish gasses[blank_end] in the atmosphere, and [blank_start]increase[blank_end] the amount of CO2, a well-known greenhouse gas, making the atmosphere [blank_start]thicker[blank_end]. The greenhouse effect, in addition to a [blank_start]higher[blank_end] atmospheric pressure allowed for the surface temperature to be [blank_start]warmer[blank_end], and for [blank_start]liquid water[blank_end] to be present on the surface.
Frage 4
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Mars' atmosphere is made of mostly Carbon Dioxide (CO2), a well-known greenhouse gas, in fact its atmosphere closely mimics Venus' atmosphere. Greenhouse gasses trap heat in a planet's atmosphere, and increases the temperature. If this is true, why doesn't Mars' have a similar temperature to Venus?
Antworten
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Mars' atmosphere has a very low density, so the greenhouse effect is much weaker.
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Mars is so far from the Sun that it doesn't receive enough heat to experience the greenhouse effect.
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Mars' strong seasonal winds mix up the atmosphere, so any heat it traps becomes lost again.
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Mars' weak magnetic field causes the atmosphere to be lost constantly, so it cannot have a greenhouse effect.
Frage 5
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Why does Mars not have liquid water on its surface?
Antworten
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The low atmospheric pressure causes the water to "boil off"
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The high atmospheric pressure causes the water to "boil off"
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The cold temperatures freeze all the water, though this ice covers large portions of the surface.
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The cold temperature causes the water to become gaseous.
Frage 6
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Eventually Phobos (one of Mars' moons) will spiral in and crash into Mars due to tidal drag.
Frage 7
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Deimos and Phobos, Mars' moons, are thought to be captured asteroids.