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What are the three main parts of a polygraph system?
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A chair, a table, and a computer
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The cardio-sphygmograph, the pneumograph, and the galvanograph
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The examiner, the client, and the examinee
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What does cardio-sphygmograph measure?
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It measures blood pressure and heart rate
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It measures respiratory rate
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It records the amount of perspiration produced
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Whats the function of the pneumograph?
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It records the amount of perspiration produced
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It records the heart rate and the blood pressure
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It measures respiratory rate
Frage 4
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What's the function of the galvanograph?
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It measures respiratory rate
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It records the amount of perspiration produced
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It records the blood pressure and heart rate
Frage 5
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What are the three distinct steps in the polygraph process?
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Pre-polygraph interview, polygraph test, post-polygraph interview
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Interrogation, fact gathering, polygraph
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Interview, polygraph, interrogation
Frage 6
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What part of the polygraph is this?
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cardiosphygmograph
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pneumographs
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galvanometers
Frage 7
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What is this a picture of?
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cardiosphygmograph
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pneumograph
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galvanometer
Frage 8
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What is this an image of?
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galvanometer
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cardiosphygmograph
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pneumograph
Frage 9
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What is this an image of?
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pneumograph
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galvanograph
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cardiosphygmograph
Frage 10
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During the pre-test phase, or pre-polygraph interview, the examiner will:
*inform the examinee of the specific issue that is being investigated;
*advise the examinee of his or her constitutional rights, of their right to an attorney and of the voluntary action of submitting to a polygraph examination;
*complete the necessary documentation;
*provide the examinee with a detailed explanation of the polygraph instrumentation with its components and how these work;
*answer any questions that the examinee may have;
*obtain the examinee's version of the facts regarding the specific issue under investigation;
*formulate and review with the examinee all the questions that will be asked of him or her during the polygraph examination.
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During the in test stage, or polygraph stage the examiner:
*will administer a minimum number of three separate tests each lasting approximately 5 minutes — and a maximum number of six tests — wherein the examinee's physiological data will be continuously collected, measured and recorded, onto polygraph charts, as he or she answers the set of questions that were formulated and reviewed during the pre-test phase.
*The examinee will have a two-minute relaxation period between each test.
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During the post-test stage, or post-test interview, the examiner will:
*give the examinee the result of the polygraph examination. If the physiological data recorded on the charts shows reactions on the part of the examinee to the relevant questions that were asked, he or she will be given the opportunity to explain these reactions.
*will provide the client with a verbal report of the polygraph examination and its result. This will be followed, in a timely manner, by a written report containing a factual account of all the information developed during the polygraph procedure, as well as the examiner's professional opinion of the examination results based on the analysis, interpretation and evaluation of the polygraph data.
Frage 13
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No Data Included
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No Details Indicated
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No Deception Indicated
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NDI means the examinee was telling the truth
Frage 15
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Deception Indicated
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Data Included
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Didn't Inspect
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DI means that the person was lying.
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What does INC stand for?
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INC means that the polygraph was unable to detect whether the examinee was lying or telling the truth.
Frage 19
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What are the two types of polygraph systems? Choose two.
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Foreign
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Domestic
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Old
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New
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Analog
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Computerized
Frage 20
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The word Polygrah means many writings
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Polygraphs are also called truth detectors.
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How accurate in detecting deception is a polygraph?
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50 to 60%
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60 to 70%
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70 to 80%
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80 to 90%
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90 to 95%
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Being nervous will affect the polygraph testing.
Frage 24
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What are countermeasures?
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When the examinee tries to beat the polygraph
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When the examiner lies to the examinee
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When control questions are asked
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What are relevant questions?
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Questions pertaining to the topic under investigation.
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Questions designed to get a base line in the beginning of the polygraph
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Questions designed to trick the examinee.
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Which is an example of a relevant question?
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"Have you ever stolen anything in your life?"
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“Did you steal $500 from your office?”
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"Are the lights on in this room?"
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What are control questions?
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Control questions are the opposite of relevant questions with a purpose of making comparisons. Control questions can be compared to the relevant question asked.
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Control questions are the questions about the specific area the examinee is being asked about.
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Control questions trick the examinee.
Frage 28
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Which is an example of a control question?
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“Have you ever stolen anything in your life?”
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"Are the lights on in this room?"
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“Did you steal $500 from your office?”
Frage 29
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What is an irrelevant question?
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Questions directly related to the subject of the polygraph
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Questions to help set a baseline during a polygraph
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Questions which create no impact and no relation to the focus of the investigation
Frage 30
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Which is an example of an irrelevant question?
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"Have you ever stolen anything in your life?"
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"Did you steal $500 from the cash register?"
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"Are the lights on in this room?"
Frage 31
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What are are the three basic types of polygraph questioning techniques?
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Question technique, interrogation technique, accusation technique
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The relevant/irrelevant (R/I) technique, the control question (CQT) technique, and the concealed information test
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The pre-employment technique, the criminal technique, and the personal technique
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The relevant/irrelevant (R/I) technique is generally used during employment hiring interviews. The premise underlying this test is that a deceptive subject has an obviously different reaction or response to the relevant questions than if irrelevant questions are asked. An innocent subject has the same kind of reaction to both types of questions.
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The control question (CQT) technique is the most widely used technique in criminal investigations. The technique is to make non-deceptive subjects to reflect on the truthfulness of their answers. Control questions can trace back past experiences which arouse the subject to be doubtful of the sincerity of the answers.
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The concealed information test, is based on a different principle than the first two tests. The test is designed to distinguish a guilty person through the information based on the crime. There are two primary types of concealed information technique. The first one is the peak-of-tension test and the other one is the guilty knowledge test. The peak-of-tension technique (POT) is composed of five to nine closed questions that are closely similar in structure. The guilty knowledge test (GKT) is about the same as the POT but uses more of open ended questions or multiple choice type.
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It is ok to surprise an examinee during the polygraph with an undisclosed question.
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The three-position numerical evaluation scale permits a range of only one of three values that may be assigned to an analysis spot. The range is: minus one (-1), zero (0), and plus one (+1).
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The seven-position numerical evaluation scale permits a range of seven values that may be assigned to an analysis spot. The range is: minus three (-3), minus two (-2), minus one (-1), zero (0), plus one (+1), plus two (+2), and plus three (+3). When using the seven-position scale, a minus three (-3) is considered less than a minus two (-2) and a plus three (+3) is greater than a plus two (+2).
Frage 38
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The standard unit of measurement in a vertical chart division is one-quarter inch
Frage 39
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What is an Analysis Spot?
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An analysis spot refers to the specific location, or applicable relevant question on a chart where the spot analysis concept is applied.
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The location where the testing takes place.
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The places on the body where the equipment is attached.
Frage 40
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What is an Artifact?
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The wiggly lines on the polygraph paper or on the computer screen.
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The cause for a change in the examinee’s physiological data that is not attributable to an applied stimulus or recovery (i.e., movement, sensor slippage).
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A high "mountain" on the chart that indicates someone is telling the truth.
Frage 41
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The inputs on the control box of the polygraph.
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Any one of the four sensor inputs used to monitor and record activity of the respiration, ED, and CV systems. The term channel and component are used interchangeably.
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The lines on the paper or screen of the polygraph.
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Homeostasis refers to a complex interactive regulatory system by which the body strives to maintain a state of internal equilibrium. Being able to recognize an examinee’s homeostatic signature, for each of the recording systems being monitored and recorded, is truly essential to effective test data analysis. Examiners often use the following terms interchangeably with homeostasis: physiological norm, pre-stimulus baseline, resting state, and tonic level.
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Latency refers to the period of time between stimulus onset and response onset. Any physiological response that begins following stimulus onset is said to display response latency. Response latency, depending upon its consistency, may enable an otherwise untimely response to be evaluated. Pronounced latency may be seen in all recording channels or in just one. An effective method for assessing response latency is to look holistically at all of the physiological data collected, channel-by-channel.
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Question String refers to all of the questions posed to an examinee between test commencement and test termination.
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Response Onset Window refers to the typical time period, from stimulus onset, where we would predict a physiological response to occur in order for that response to be deemed timely.
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Serial Position refers to the specific location of a question within a question string.
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Waveform. The term waveform and tracing are used interchangeably and refers to the particular visual representation of the physiological data that is studied for its diagnostic value.
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Most people display a resting respiration rate or breathing pattern of between 12 to 18 breaths per minute
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The five diagnostic features pertaining to RLL are as follows: (1) apnea—blocking (suppression), (2) decrease in amplitude (suppression), (3) progressive decrease in amplitude (suppression), (4) decrease in cyclic rate, and (5) inhalation/exhalation (I/E) ratio change.
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The galvonic skin response waveform is a reflection of the electrical changes in human skin. Examiners are principally involved in monitoring and recording either the examinee’s skin resistance level (SRL) or skin conductance level (SCL) and
deviations from those levels that we refer to as phasic activity. This is accomplished through the passage of an electrical current across the skin and is termed an exosomatic ED measure.
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Polygraph examiners are interested with pulmonary and systemic circulatory pathways; the heart itself, particularly the chambers and valves; cardiac conduction; cardiac muscle contraction; the cardiac cycle, specifically the segments of a heart beat; cardiac output, such as stroke volume and heart rate; and blood pressure.
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What are examples of countermeasures?
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The examinee putting a tack in their shoe.
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The examinee telling the truth.
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The examinee biting their tongue.
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The examinee taking sedatives to try to alter their baseline.
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The examinee coughing.
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The examinee putting antiperspirant on their fingers.
Frage 53
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What year was the polygraph invented?
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Someone can be forced to take a polygraph.
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Polygraphs are only as accurate as a flip of a coin.
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Polygraphs are easily fooled.
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Polygraphs cannot be used as evidence in court in 49 states.
Frage 58
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What is a movement sensor?
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Sensors placed around the polygraph room to measure the movement of the examinee.
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Sensors placed on the seat of the examinee's chair, on the arms of the examinee's chair, and on the floor beneath the feet of the examinee to detect the examinee's attempts at counter measures.
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Sensors placed in the examinee's clothing by the examinee in an effort to throw off the test results.
Frage 59
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How long does the polygraph process usually take?
Frage 60
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An examination total score of +10 indicates the examinee was telling the truth.
Frage 61
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What is a "Stimulation Test" or "Stim Test"?
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When the examiner shocks the examinee to get a reaction on the waveform.
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When the subject is asked to deliberately lie and then the tester reports that he was able to detect this lie.
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When the examiner turns on the polygraph and the examinee sits quietly to get a baseline.
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"Think of a number between one and five. Don't tell me your number. I'm going to go through each number and I want you to answer 'no' even when I get to your number. Is your number one? Is your number two? Is your number three? Is your number four? Is your number 5?" is an example of a Stim Test.
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A total score of +3 or higher indicates that the examinee was telling the truth.
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A total score of -3 or lower indicates the examinee was lying.
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A total score between -3 and +3 indicate that the test was inconculsive.