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Quiz von MatthewEllis96, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von MatthewEllis96
vor mehr als 8 Jahre
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Frage 1
Frage
Which of these is not a function of blood?
Antworten
-
Transport of nutrients
-
Transport of signals (hormones etc)
-
Heat distribution
-
Hormone production
Frage 2
Frage
Which of these inorganic ions are not found in plasma?
Antworten
-
Na+
-
Cl-
-
K+
-
Mg2+
Frage 3
Frage
Which of these is not a component of plasma?
Antworten
-
Water
-
Small organics
-
Proteins
-
Red blood cells
Frage 4
Frage
How much water is contained in plasma?
Antworten
-
5-5.5L
-
5.5-6L
-
4.5-5L
-
6-6.5L
Frage 5
Frage
Which is the most abundant serum protein?
Antworten
-
Albumin
-
α1-globulins
-
β-globulins
-
γ-globulins
Frage 6
Frage
What is the normal range of protein concentration in serum?
Antworten
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60-80 g/L
-
50-70 g/L
-
70-90 g/L
-
40-60 g/L
Frage 7
Frage
What are the approximate proportions of Albumin?
Antworten
-
~55%
-
~60%
-
~50%
-
~65%
Frage 8
Frage
What is the approximate proportion of immunoglobulin G?
Antworten
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~15%
-
~20%
-
~10%
-
~25%
Frage 9
Frage
Which of these is not involved in blood clotting?
Antworten
-
Albumin
-
Thrombin
-
Fibrin
-
Plasmin
Frage 10
Frage
Which of these is a 66kDa polypeptide with 3 homologous domains each with different binding sites?
Antworten
-
Albumin
-
α1-Proteinase Inhibitor
-
Transferrin
-
Haemoglobin
Frage 11
Frage
Which of the following is a 54kDa polypeptide with a 'bait' sequence for elastase binding?
Antworten
-
α1-Proteinase Inhibitor
-
Albumin
-
Transferrin
-
Haemoglobin
Frage 12
Frage
Which of the following is a 77kDa polypeptide with 2 homologous domains each with an Fe binding site
Antworten
-
Transferrin
-
Albumin
-
α1-Proteinase Inhibitor
-
Haemoglobin
Frage 13
Frage
Which of the following is not a Granulocyte
Antworten
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Neutrophils
-
Eiosinophils
-
Basophils
-
Lymphocytes
Frage 14
Frage
How many molecules of Haemoglobin are there in a red blood cell?
Antworten
-
250x10^6
-
250x10^8
-
250x10^7
-
250x10^5
Frage 15
Frage
Which of the following is not present in a red blood cell?
Antworten
-
Mitochondria
-
Cytoskeleton
-
Haemoglobin
-
Cell Membrane
Frage 16
Frage
Which of the following is a 64kDa tetrapolypeptide with 2 α-chains and 2 β-chains?
Antworten
-
Haemoglobin
-
Albumin
-
Transferrin
-
α1-Proteinase Inhibitor
Frage 17
Frage
What percentage of humans have a Haemoglobin mutation?
Antworten
-
1%
-
5%
-
7%
-
9%
Frage 18
Frage
Which of the following is not a main role of pattern recognition receptors?
Antworten
-
To activate the cell to synthesise
-
To cause cells to release defensive molecules
-
To initiate phagocytosis or apoptosis
-
To carry out phagocytosis or apoptosis
Frage 19
Frage
Which of the following carries out phagocytosis
Antworten
-
Neutrophils
-
Lymphocytes
-
Basophils
-
Eosinophils
Frage 20
Frage
Which of the following is not an anti microbial enzyme?
Antworten
-
Lysozyme
-
Lacoperioxidase
-
Phopholipase A2
-
Superoxide dismutase
Frage 21
Frage
What is the size of anti-microbial peptides?
Antworten
-
3-5kDa
-
2-4kDa
-
4-6kDa
-
5-7kDa
Frage 22
Frage
Which of the following is not an anti-microbial peptide?
Antworten
-
Defensins
-
Histatins
-
Cathelicidins
-
Transferrins
Frage 23
Frage
Which of the following is not a feature of adaptive immunity?
Antworten
-
Specificity
-
Memory
-
Tolerance
-
Rapid 1st Response
Frage 24
Frage
Which of the following is regarded as a type of lympocyte
Antworten
-
B cell
-
T cell
-
Both B and T cell
-
Neither B or T cell
Frage 25
Frage
In vaccination, which of these methods is not used?
Antworten
-
Using a related organism
-
Using a wild type strain
-
Using a recombinent antigen
-
Using an attenuated strain
Frage 26
Frage
Which of the following is a 150kDa tetrapolypeptide with 2 heavy amd 2 light chains
Antworten
-
IgG
-
Haemoglobin
-
Albumin
-
Transferrin
Frage 27
Frage
IgG is made up of...
Antworten
-
2 50kDa chains and 2 25kDa chains
-
1 75kDa chain and 3 25kDa chains
-
2 75kDa chains
-
3 50kDa chains
Frage 28
Frage
Which of these is a correct arrangement for polypeptide chains in IgG
Antworten
-
γ2λ2
-
λ2κ2
-
γ2κλ
-
γ2γ2
Frage 29
Frage
How many Complementary-Determining Regions are there in a IgG molecule?
Antworten
-
12
-
10
-
8
-
6
Frage 30
Frage
Which of the following contains 2 heavy chains (α) and two light chains (λ or κ)
Antworten
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IgA
-
IgM
-
IgD
-
IgE
Frage 31
Frage
Which of the following has 2 heavy chains (µ) and two light chains (λ or κ)
Antworten
-
IgA
-
IgM
-
IgD
-
IgE
Frage 32
Frage
Which of the following has 2 heavy chains (δ) and two light chains (λ or κ)
Antworten
-
IgA
-
IgM
-
IgD
-
IgE
Frage 33
Frage
Which of the following has 2 heavy chains (ε) and two light chains (λ or κ)
Antworten
-
IgA
-
igD
-
IgM
-
IgE
Frage 34
Frage
The V domains on all the heavy chains are specified by
Antworten
-
V segment
-
V and D segments
-
V, D and J segments
-
V and J segments
Frage 35
Frage
The V domains on all the light chains are specified by
Antworten
-
V segment
-
V and D segments
-
V, D and J segments
-
V and J segments
Frage 36
Frage
Which of the following is false regarding Antibody-mediated immunity?
Antworten
-
Directed towards extracellular antigens.
-
Recognition by BCRs on the B-cells.
-
Requires confirmation by Th-cells for antibody production
-
Directed towards intracellular antigens.
Frage 37
Frage
Which of the following statements regarding the MHC I and MHC II systems is false?
Antworten
-
The are both highly polymorphic.
-
Both require 3 types of peptides
-
Individuals commonly have the same combination of MHC proteins
-
The binding sites of the MHC proteins recognise sets of peptides
Frage 38
Frage
Which of the following statements regarding T-cells is false?
Antworten
-
From bone marrow
-
Mature in bone marrow
-
There are two types
-
Mature T-cells circulate and reside in lymphoid tissue
Frage 39
Frage
Which of the following statements is false?
Antworten
-
All mitochondria come from the mother
-
Mitochondria have their own DNA
-
Mitochondria is found in all cell types
-
Mitochondria is involved with apoptosis
Frage 40
Frage
The body daily produces approximately...
Antworten
-
70kg ATP
-
60kg ATP
-
80kg ATP
-
100kg ATP
Frage 41
Frage
What % of mitochondrial disorders are due to mtDNA mutations?
Antworten
-
10
-
15
-
20
-
25
Frage 42
Frage
Which of the following statements regarding mtDNA is false?
Antworten
-
Contains no introns
-
Contains a repair mechanism
-
Contains no repeats
-
Double stranded, circular
Frage 43
Frage
Which of the following can't be used for mitochondrial disease diagnosis
Antworten
-
Maternal family history
-
Blood/CSF/Urine tests
-
Imaging Techniques
-
Paternal family history
Frage 44
Frage
Which mitochondrial disease has a very early onset of symptoms?
Antworten
-
Leigh Syndrome
-
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
-
MELAS
-
Ophthalmoplegia
Frage 45
Frage
Which disorder is associated with "Ragged Red Fibers"
Antworten
-
MERRF
-
NARP
-
MELAS
-
Pearson syndrome
Frage 46
Frage
Which of the following is not a radical?
Antworten
-
Hydrogen peroxide
-
Hypoclorite
-
Singlet oxygen
-
Peroxynitrite
Frage 47
Frage
Which is the most reactive intermediate?
Antworten
-
Hydroxyl radicals
-
Superoxide
-
Hydrogen Peroxide
-
Peroxynitrite
Frage 48
Frage
Which is the least reactive intermediate?
Antworten
-
Hydrogen peroxide
-
Hydroxyl radicals
-
Superoxide
-
Peroxynitrite
Frage 49
Frage
Which is not a source of superoxide?
Antworten
-
Enzymatic
-
Toxic compounds
-
Ionising Radiation
-
UV light
Frage 50
Frage
What enzyme is used to detoxify hydrogen peroxide?
Antworten
-
Catalase
-
Superoxide dismutase
-
Hydrogen peroxidase
-
Hydrogen dismutase
Frage 51
Frage
(From Textbook) The production of antibodies in response to a foreign molecule is referred to as
Antworten
-
a cellular immune response
-
a humoral immune response
-
an autoimmune response
Frage 52
Frage
(From textbook) An epitope is
Antworten
-
the portion of an antibody which recognizes an antigen.
-
the protein of an antigen recognized by an antibody.
-
an internal signal in the B-lymphocytes initiating the production of antibodies.
Frage 53
Frage
(From textbook) The treatment of immunoglobulin G with papain results in the production of two types of fragments. Which of the following correctly relates these fragments to antigen binding?
Antworten
-
The Fab fragment is capable of binding antigen but the Fc fragment is not.
-
The Fab fragment can bind antigen only in the presence of the Fc fragment.
-
The proteolytic action of papain abolishes the ability of the antibody fragments to bind antigen.
Frage 54
Frage
(From textbook) The immunoglobulin G molecule is composed of two heavy (H) and two light (L) chains. Which of the following is true regarding the relationship between these two types of chains and the Fab and Fc fragments?
Antworten
-
The L chains are present only in the Fab fragment
-
The Fc fragment contains parts of both the H and L chains
-
Disulfide bonds linking H and L chains are found in both Fab and Fc fragments.
Frage 55
Frage
(From textbook) Hypervariable loops of the Fab portion of antibody molecules are involved in antigen binding. The amino acids forming these loops
Antworten
-
come from the L chain only.
-
come from the H chain only.
-
come from both the H and L chains.
Frage 56
Frage
(From textbook) Genes for specific immunoglobulins are the product of rearrangement and linkage of V (variable) and C (constant) genes in the differentiation of lymphocytes. How does this process differ for the H and L chains?
Antworten
-
J (joining) genes are used to link V and C genes in construction of genes for L chains but not H chains.
-
D (diversity) genes are used in place of J genes in construction of genes for H chains.
-
D (diversity) genes are used in conjunction with J genes in construction of genes for H chains.
Frage 57
Frage
(From textbook) T-cells scan the surface of cells and kill those that exhibit foreign markings. The form in which such cells are marked is
Antworten
-
by proteins from intracellular pathogens being secreted by the target cells
-
by proteolytic products of intracellular pathogens being released from the target cells
-
by proteolytic products of intracellular pathogens being presented on the surface of the cells bound to the major histocompatibility complex.
Frage 58
Frage
(From textbook) Helper T cells also recognize foreign peptides displayed on the surface of cells in a complex with Class II MHC proteins. These peptides are the result of
Antworten
-
degradation of an internal pathogen located in the cytosol.
-
degradation of proteins internalized by endocytosis.
-
foreign proteins being degraded by extracellular proteases
Frage 59
Frage
(From textbook) The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) responsible for acquired autoimmune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) subverts the immune system by destroying what type of cell?
Antworten
-
B-lymphocytes
-
killer T cells
-
helper T cells
Frage 60
Frage
(From textbook) Thymocytes are produced in the bone marrow and converted to T cells in the thymus. Which of the following is NOT a selective process involved in this conversion?
Antworten
-
Positive selection to assure that only T cells that bind MHC proteins will survive.
-
Negative selection to assure that T cells that bind MHC proteins too tightly will be destroyed.
-
Selection to assure that T cells bind to MHC proteins only in the presence of foreign peptides.
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