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What are the two ways of representing data?
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What are the measures of central tendency?
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Mean
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Standard deviation
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Mode
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Median
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Range
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Inter-quartile range
Frage 3
Antworten
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The arithmetic average that is calculated through adding all of the values and then dividing by how many there are.
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The middle number after all numbers have been ordered
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The most frequent number in a set
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What are the advantages of the mean?
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• Contributed to by all values
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• Preferred when data is skewed
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• Useful in statistics
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• Used within continuous data
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• Preferred when data is normally distributed
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• Easiest to understand and calculate
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What are the disadvantages of the mean?
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• More difficult to understand
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• Time consuming
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• Affected by extreme values
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• Not appropriate with ordinal and nominal level data
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• Might not be an actual value in the set
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What are the advantages of the median?
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• Easier to understand
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• Easiest to understand and calculate
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• Unaffected by extreme values
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• Used with ordinal and continuous data
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• An actual value
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• Preferred when data is skewed
Frage 8
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What are the disadvantages of the median
Frage 9
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What are the advantages of the mode?
Antworten
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• Easiest to understand and calculate
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• Used with categorical data
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• An actual value
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• Preferred when data is skewed
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• Unaffected by extreme values
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What are the disadvantages of the mode?
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• Affected by extreme values
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• Sometimes there is more than one
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• More difficult to understand
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What are the different measures of distribution or the spread of data?
Antworten
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Mean
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Range
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Mode
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Interquartile range
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Standard deviation
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Median
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What are the advantages of the range?
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What are the disadvantages of the range?
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What is the inter-quartile range?
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What are the advantages of the interquartile range?
Antworten
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• Related to the actual values in the set
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• Useful in statistics
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• Used with continuous data
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• Usually used with ordinal and continuous data
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• Unaffected by extreme values
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What are the disadvantages of the inter-quartile range?
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What is standard deviation?
Frage 20
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What are the advantages of standard deviation?
Antworten
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• Uses all the values in the set
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• Easy to understand
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• Useful in statistics
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• Used with continuous data
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• Usually used with ordinal and continuous data
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What are the disadvantages of standard deviation?
Antworten
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• Affected by extreme values
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• More difficult to understand
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• Unlikely to be a value in the set
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What is a normal distribution?
Antworten
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This is normal because the mean, median and mode lies in the same place, the mean is the preferred method.
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The mean is dragged in the direction of the skew so the median is the preferred measure (an easy test – ceiling effect).
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What is a negatively skewed distribution?
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What is a positively skewed distribution?
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What is the preferred measure for a normal distribution?
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What is the preferred method for a skewed distribution?
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What are box and whisker plots?
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They are helpful for indicating whether a distribution is skewed and if there any unusual observations (outliers) in the data set.
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They are useful when large numbers of observations are involved or comparing two or more data sets.
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What are the different ways of representing data?
Antworten
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Bar chart
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Line graph
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Scatter diagram
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Pie chart
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What are the levels of measurement
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Nominal data
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Continuous data
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Ordinal data
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Ratio data
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Categorical data
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Interval data
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What is nominal data?
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When quantities that are ordered y criteria such as positions in a rate. However it does not allow you to state whether the intervals between each value are equal.
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categorically discrete data such as the name of your school or the car you drive.
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This is like like ordinal data except the intervals between each value is equally split, such as the time of day on a clock.
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What is ordinal data?
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like ordinal data except the intervals between each value is equally split, such as the time of day on a clock.
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interval data with a natural zero point (ruler in cm).
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When quantities that are ordered y criteria such as positions in a rate. However it does not allow you to state whether the intervals between each value are equal.
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The median could be a measure of central tendency for this.
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What is interval data?
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The median could be a measure of central tendency for this.
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this is like ordinal data except the intervals between each value is equally split, such as the time of day on a clock.
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What is ratio data?
Antworten
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this is like ordinal data except the intervals between each value is equally split, such as the time of day on a clock.
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interval data with a natural zero point (ruler in cm).
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What is categorical data?
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data which is divided into groups (types of animals). This data is nominal and discrete.
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The mode would be the measure of central tendency as it cannot be used with arithmetic.
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Representations could include a bar chart with gaps between the bars (grouped discrete data)
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data restricted to a limited set of discrete values (shoes size and money)
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What is continuous data?
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data which can take any value within a range (height). The mean could be a measure of central tendency, this is because it would give you the arithmetic average for the large range of data which can then be used in statistics.
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The median could be used if the data was skewed because this would be more representative of the data.
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Representations could include a line graph or a histogram (grouped continuous)
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What is discrete data?
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data restricted to a limited set of discrete values (shoes size and money)
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data which is divided into groups (types of animals). This data is nominal and discrete. The mode would be the measure of central tendency as it cannot be used with arithmetic.
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What types of data is the mean used for?
Antworten
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Continuous
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Standard deviation
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What types of data is the median used for?
Frage 39
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What types of data would be the mode be used for?
Antworten
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Categorical data
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Ordinal data
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Nominal data