The Endocrine System Quiz

Which of the following characteristics are related to the endocrine system?

Which of the following characteristics are related to the nervous system?

Which of the following is not a role of the endocrine system?

The classification of hormones are protein-derived and lipid-derived.

Protein-derived hormones are [blank_start]water soluble[blank_end] and have a(n) [blank_start]cell surface receptor[blank_end].

Lipid-derived hormones are [blank_start]water insoluble[blank_end] and have a(n) [blank_start]intracellular receptor[blank_end].

Protein-derived hormones are

Lipid-derived hormones are

The components of the endocrine system are

Endocrine glands have [blank_start]no ducts and are vascular[blank_end]. The cell product is secreted into [blank_start]ECF[blank_end] and is taken up to be distributed throughout the body.

Exocrine glands secrete nonhormonal products into ducts that exit onto epithelial surfaces.

Which glands do not go into the bloodstream or body and its released chemicals affect only adjacent cells?

The secretion or release of hormones is controlled by

Steroid/thyroid hormones use a special transport protein and circulate faster.

The concentration of hormones in circulation depends on the [blank_start]rate of release[blank_end] and [blank_start]speed of inactivation[blank_end].

Hormones are inactivated by

Identify the listed components of the Second Messenger/G Mediated/Protein Mechanism

The Gene Activation (the second of the two molecular mechanisms of hormone action) is the mechanism for lipid soluble hormones.

Up regulation refers to the loss of receptors.

Up regulation refers to: cell synthesizing increases receptors as hormone levels decrease.

Hormones alter target cell activity by altering a protein (enzyme).

Stimulus of the endocrine system can be a specific chemical, regulatory hormone or neural.

The functions of the hypothalamus are secretion of hormones that control the activities of the [blank_start]anterior pituitary gland[blank_end], synthesis and release of [blank_start]ADH and oxytocin[blank_end] in the posterior pituitary gland and controls the adrenal medulla which releases [blank_start]epinephrine and norepinephrine[blank_end].

The pituitary gland is an extension of the

The adrenal gland is found on the

The adrenal medulla is endocrine tissue involved in fight or flight response.

The adrenal cortex is endocrine tissue and produces 12+ steroid hormones.

The following are related to androgen hormones (sex hormones)

Thyroid hormone gland targets most cells and its functions are

In calcium homeostasis, calcitonin works to [blank_start]lower[blank_end] calcium levels in the blood whereas parathyroid hormone works to [blank_start]increase[blank_end] calcium levels. These two hormones are therefore [blank_start]antagonistic[blank_end].

Calcitonin in the thyroid gland [blank_start]lowers[blank_end] calcium levels in blood. It's target cells are [blank_start]bones and kidneys[blank_end], and it inhibits osteoclasts and stimulates excretion in kidneys. One example of a disease related to calcitonin is [blank_start]myxedeia[blank_end].

Parathyroid hormone in the parathyroid gland [blank_start]increases[blank_end] calcium levels in blood. It's target cells are [blank_start]bones and kidneys[blank_end]. It stimulates [blank_start]osteoclasts[blank_end], inhibits [blank_start]osteoblasts[blank_end] and [blank_start]reduces[blank_end] excretion. It stimulates the [blank_start]kidneys[blank_end] to make calcitriol.

The parathyroid hormone increases calcium production.

The pancreas gland is

Insulin, produced by the pancreas gland, increases glucose levels.

Glucagon raises glucose levels.

Insulin and glucagon are antagonistic in glucose homeostasis.

Type two diabetes involves

Select the answer that does not relate to the effects of hormones

Growth requires

The alarm phase consists of an [blank_start]immediate short term response to crisis[blank_end]. It is associated with the fight or flight reaction where [blank_start]epinephrine[blank_end] dominates. It includes a sympathetic response, and a reduction of water loss occurs.

The resistance phase includes [blank_start]long term[blank_end] metabolic adjustments. It occurs if stress lasts longer than a few [blank_start]hours[blank_end]. [blank_start]Glucocorticoid[blank_end] hormones dominate aided by epinephrine, GH, thyroid, alderostone and ADH hormones. Energy demands stay [blank_start]high[blank_end].

The exhaustion phase is a collapse of vital systems where organ system failure occurs due to electrolyte imbalance.